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The term "Mongolia" is used here in the broader historical sense, and includes an area much larger than the modern-day state of Mongolia. By the early 1630s Ligdan Khan saw much of his power weakened due to the disunity of the Mongol tribes. He was subsequently defeated by the Later Jin dynasty and died soon afterwards.
Mongolia held its first democratic elections in 1990, following a peaceful 1990 revolution. [5] [6] From 1921 to 1990, Mongolia was a communist single-party state under the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party. [7] Historically, Mongolian politics has been influenced by its two large neighbors, Russia and China. [8] [9]
The establishment of the Xiongnu empire in Mongolia in the 3rd century BC marks the beginning of statehood on the territory of Mongolia. The identity of the ethnic core of Xiongnu has been a subject of varied hypotheses and some scholars, including Alexey Okladnikov , Paul Pelliot and Byambyn Rinchen , [ 12 ] insisted on a Mongolic origin.
The name Mongolia means the "Land of the Mongols" in Latin. The Mongolian word "Mongol" (монгол) is of uncertain etymology.Sükhbataar (1992) and de la Vaissière (2021) proposed it being a derivation from Mugulü, the 4th-century founder of the Rouran Khaganate, [13] first attested as the 'Mungu', [14] (Chinese: 蒙兀, Modern Chinese Měngwù, Middle Chinese Muwngu), [15] a branch of ...
The Mongolian Revolution of 1911 [a] occurred when the region of Outer Mongolia declared its independence from the Manchu-led Qing China during the Xinhai Revolution. [1] A combination of factors, including economic hardship and failure to resist Western imperialism, led many in China to be unhappy with the Qing government.
The Qing dynasty (1644–1912) controlled modern-day Mongolia, Tuva, Western Mongolia, and Inner Mongolia. [6] However, before the People's Republic of China (1949–present) greatly expanded the territory of Inner Mongolia to its present shape, Inner Mongolia only referred to the Mongol areas within the Chinese provinces of Ningxia, Suiyuan, and Chahar.
Outer Mongolia declared independence from the Qing dynasty under the Bogd Khan. 29 December: The Bogdo Khanate of Mongolia was proclaimed and Bogd Khan enthroned. 1912: 3 November: The Russian Empire recognized Mongolian independence and the rule of Bogd Khan. 1913: 11 November: Mongolia and Tibet concluded treaty on mutual recognition and ...
The Mongolian People's Republic [e] (MPR) was a socialist state that existed from 1924 to 1992, located in the historical region of Outer Mongolia.Its independence was officially recognized by the Nationalist government of China in 1946.