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The Haitian Revolution - An illustration of black slaves murdering white planters. The Haitian Revolution was a series of conflicts which began on 22 August 1791 and ended on 1 January 1804. It involved Haitian slaves, "affranchis ", " mulattoes ", colonists, French royalist troops, French revolutionary forces, and the British and Spanish armies.
There are many reasons that the Spaniards backed the Haitian revolution from the beginning, providing the insurgents with food and weapons: they knew that the episode would cause chaos in Saint-Domingue, giving Spain the chance to send troops to that territory and re-annex it, since it had been a Spanish possession taken by the French in the Peace Treaty of Ryswick (1697).
The Haitian Revolution (French: Révolution haïtienne [ʁevɔlysjɔ̃ a.isjɛn] or Guerre de l'indépendance; Haitian Creole: Lagè d Lendependans) was a successful insurrection by self-liberated slaves against French colonial rule in Saint-Domingue, now the sovereign state of Haiti. [2]
Troops loyal to the commissioners commanded by generals Lassale, an European, and Beauvais, a mulatto, then laid siege to Port-au-Prince.For their part, the representatives Sonthonax and Polverel established their base at the port of Saint-Marc, took command of the navy and attacked from the sea.
The Haitian Declaration of Independence was proclaimed on January 1st, 1804, in the port city of Gonaïves by Jean-Jacques Dessalines, marking the end of the 13-year-long Haitian Revolution. With this declaration, Haiti became the first independent Black nation in the Western Hemisphere.
Geggus, David Patrick (2002). Haitian Revolutionary Studies. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. ISBN 9780253109262. Madiou, Thomas (1847). Histoire d'Haïti, Tome I (in French). Schœlcher, Victor (1982) [1889]. Vie de Toussaint Louverture (in French). Éditions Karthala
Léger-Félicité Sonthonax (7 March 1763 – 23 July 1813) was a French abolitionist and Jacobin before joining the Girondist party, which emerged in 1791. During the French Revolution, he controlled 7,000 French troops in Saint-Domingue during part of the Haitian Revolution. [2]
The Haitian Revolution for independence — in the French Saint-Domingue colony, now the Republic of Haiti, on western Hispaniola in the Caribbean. The main article for this category is Haitian Revolution .