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After the reign of Marcus Aurelius (r. 161–180) the production of aurei decreased, and the weight fell to of a Roman pound (6.5 g) by the time of Caracalla (r. 211–217). During the 3rd century, gold pieces were introduced in a variety of fractions and multiples, making it hard to determine the intended denomination of a gold coin. [ 1 ]
For example, knowing that standard 18-carat yellow gold consists of 75% gold, 12.5% silver and the remaining 12.5% of copper (all by mass), the volume of pure gold in this alloy will be 60% since gold is much denser than the other metals used: 19.32 g/cm 3 for gold, 10.49 g/cm 3 for silver and 8.96 g/cm 3 for copper.
Circulating coins exist in denominations of 1¢ (i.e. 1 cent or $0.01), 5¢, 10¢, 25¢, 50¢, and $1.00. Also minted are bullion, including gold, silver and platinum, and commemorative coins. All of these are produced by the United States Mint.
France's actions in maintaining the French franc at either 4.5 g fine silver or 0.29032 g fine gold stabilized world gold–silver price ratios close to the French ratio of 15.5 in the first three quarters of the 19th century by offering to mint the cheaper metal in unlimited quantities – gold 20-franc coins whenever the ratio is below 15.5 ...
The Zimbabwe Gold (ZiG; code: ZWG) [3] is the official currency of Zimbabwe since 8 April 2024, [2] backed by US$575 million worth of hard assets: foreign currencies, gold, and other precious metals. [4] [5] [6] It replaced the Zimbabwean dollar, which suffered from rapid depreciation, with the official exchange rate surpassing 30,000 ...
Combined with a gold-silver ratio of 15.5, the new mark of 5 + 5 ⁄ 9 g fine silver was therefore equivalent to 100 ⁄ 279 g fine gold. With 5 billion gold francs (equivalent to 4.05 billion gold marks) secured from France at the end of the Franco-Prussian War, the new currency was launched in 1873 in the form of gold 10-mark and 20-mark ...
$10 American Gold Eagle 22 mm 7.78 g 1986–present $25 American Platinum Eagle 22 mm 7.78 g 1997–present Half Cent 23.5 mm 6.74 g 1795–1857 Two Cent 23 mm 6.22 g 1864-1873 Quarter (Clad) 24.26 mm 5.67 g 1965–present Quarter (40% Ag) 24.3 mm 5.75 g 1976(S) Quarter 24.3 mm 6.25 g 1796–1964 Dollar 26.5 mm 8.1 g 1979–Present [3] $10 ...
Combined with the prevailing gold-silver ratio of 15, the standard for gold was calculated at 371/15 = 24.73 grains fine gold or 26.98 grains 22K gold. Rounding the latter to 27.0 grains finalized the dollar's standard to 24.75 grains of fine gold or 24.75 × 15 = 371.25 grains = 24.0566 grams = 0.7735 troy ounces of fine silver.