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While the origin of this test is unclear, it is best attested to in 20th-century black culture. During the time when African Americans were forced into slavery, slave owners would use the "paper bag test", which compared their skin color to a paper bag, to distinguish whether their complexion was too dark to work inside the house. [ 82 ]
Coloured terminology is occasionally found in Graeco-Roman ethnography [2] [3] and other ancient and medieval sources, but these societies did not have any notion of a white or pan-European race. [4] In Graeco-Roman society whiteness was a somatic norm , although this norm could be rejected and it did not coincide with any system of ...
In the mid 16th century, European explorers claimed various Caribbean islands, enslaved people in Africa, and transported them to the islands where they were forced to work on sugar plantations. [6] The racially diverse environment of the Caribbean, due to slavery and colonization, led to " racial mixing " between Europeans and Africans. [ 7 ]
To put on an Ekpo mask is to surrender earthly identity and assume an ancestral one. Masks used may be ones owned by deceased ancestors, ones made to look like ancestors, or ones made to resemble to village heroes. [19] Many are carved from lightweight wood called ukot (palm wine tree). This makes them easier to wear and move around in.
African art is produced using a wide range of materials and takes many distinct shapes. Because wood is a prevalent material, wood sculptures make up the majority of African art. Other materials used in creating African art include clay soil. Jewelry is a popular art form used to indicate rank, affiliation with a group, or purely aesthetics. [16]
Wooden Door (Ilekun) with carved motifs Iron and wood staff (Opa Orisha Oko); 19th century; Brooklyn Museum. The Orí-Inú, or the inner spiritual head, is very important to the Yoruba people. One's Orí-Inú is very important in terms of existing in the world. The priority goes to the Orí for any household. Thus, shrines are built in the houses.
South Africa is known as a 'Rainbow nation' because of its diverse cultures, tribes, races, religions and nationalities. [15] As a result of this diversity, Coloured people in South Africa have different ancestries as they come from different regions in the country that have different ethnic groups. [16]
Ancient Egypt is one of the earliest regions in Africa where metallurgy was significantly advanced. Copper was the primary metal used, with evidence of iron production dating back to around 3000–2500 BCE. [4] Egyptian metallurgists mastered various techniques, including casting, forging, and alloying with tin to produce bronze. [5]