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1-Butanol, also known as butan-1-ol or n-butanol, is a primary alcohol with the chemical formula C 4 H 9 OH and a linear structure. Isomers of 1-butanol are isobutanol, butan-2-ol and tert-butanol. The unmodified term butanol usually refers to the straight chain isomer.
The reaction is induced by dehydrating reagents. For example, 2-methyl-cyclohexan-1-ol dehydrates to 1-methylcyclohexene in the presence of Martin's sulfurane, which reacts irreversibly with water. [6] [7] Double dehydration is illustrated by the conversion of glycerol to acrolein: [8] [9]
Butanol (also called butyl alcohol) is a four-carbon alcohol with a formula of C 4 H 9 O H, which occurs in five isomeric structures (four structural isomers), from a straight-chain primary alcohol to a branched-chain tertiary alcohol; [1] all are a butyl or isobutyl group linked to a hydroxyl group (sometimes represented as BuOH, sec-BuOH, i-BuOH, and t-BuOH).
Hydration reaction mechanism from 1-methylcyclohexene to 1-methylcyclohexanol. Many alternative routes are available for producing alcohols, including the hydroboration–oxidation reaction , the oxymercuration–reduction reaction , the Mukaiyama hydration , the reduction of ketones and aldehydes and as a biological method fermentation .
The dehydration of secondary and tertiary alcohols to yield an olefin through a sulfamate ester intermediate is called the Burgess dehydration reaction. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] [ 15 ] The reaction conditions used are typically very mild, giving it some advantage over other dehydration methods for sensitive substrates.
Dibutyl ether is obtained from dehydration of 1-butanol with sulfuric acid as a catalyst and dehydrating agent: 2 C 4 H 9 OH → C 8 H 18 O + H 2 O. Industrially, dibutyl ether can be obtained by dehydration of 1-butanol on alumina at 300 °C. [citation needed]
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tert-Butyl alcohol is used as a solvent, ethanol denaturant, paint remover ingredient, and gasoline octane booster and oxygenate.It is a chemical intermediate used to produce methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) by reaction with methanol and ethanol, respectively, and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) by reaction with hydrogen peroxide.