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Oscillating water columns (OWCs) are a type of wave energy converter [1] that harness energy from the oscillation of the seawater inside a chamber or hollow caused by the action of waves. OWCs have shown promise as a renewable energy source with low environmental impact.
Islay LIMPET was a shoreline device using an Oscillating Water Column to drive air in and out of a pressure chamber through a Wells self-rectifying turbine. [1] [7] [8] The chamber of the LIMPET was an inclined concrete tube, with three sections each 6m by 6m.
Oscillating water column: 2011–date Lifetime generation of over 3 GWh by the end of 2023. [18] Ocean RusEnergy [19] Russia Yekaterinburg: N Small-scale 2013 Pico Wave Power Plant [20] Portugal: 0.4: Oscillating water column: 2010 Runde Demo Site [21] Norway: 0.1: Oscillating water column: 2017 SDE Sea Waves Power Plant [22] Israel
Oscillating Water Columns (OWCs) are simple constructions that act like a piston and cylinder. As waves rise within the OWC, it replicates the action of a piston, driving a column of air ahead of it and through the turbine. Most turbines are designed to function with a constant flow in a single direction but OWC generates a bi-directional flow.
It appears that this was the first oscillating water-column type of wave-energy device. [10] From 1855 to 1973 there were 340 patents filed in the UK alone. [8] Modern pursuit of wave energy was pioneered by Yoshio Masuda's 1940s experiments. [11] He tested various concepts, constructing hundreds of units used to power navigation lights.
It was developed for use in Oscillating Water Column wave power plants, in which a rising and falling water surface moving in an air compression chamber produces an oscillating air current. The use of this bidirectional turbine avoids the need to rectify the air stream by delicate and expensive check valve systems.
An OE Buoy or Ocean Energy Buoy is a floating wave power device that uses an Oscillating Water Column design. It is being developed by Irish company Ocean Energy Ltd., based in Cork, in collaboration with the Hydraulics and Maritime Research Centre at University College Cork, Queen's University Belfast, and Marine Institute Ireland.
Yoshio Masuda (died 2009) was a Japanese naval commander regarded as the father of modern wave power technology. [1] Among other devices, the now-used principle of oscillating water column is regarded as his invention.