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Stephen Hawking's purported solution to the black hole unitarity paradox. Hawking and unitarity: a July 2005 discussion of the information loss paradox and Stephen Hawking's role in it; The Hawking Paradox - BBC Horizon documentary (2005) "Horizon" The Hawking Paradox at IMDb A Black Hole Mystery Wrapped in a Firewall Paradox
The Penrose singularity theorem is a theorem in semi-Riemannian geometry and its general relativistic interpretation predicts a gravitational singularity in black hole formation. The Hawking singularity theorem is based on the Penrose theorem and it is interpreted as a gravitational singularity in the Big Bang situation.
Before Stephen Hawking came up with the concept of Hawking radiation, the question of black holes having entropy had been avoided. However, this concept demonstrates that black holes radiate energy, which conserves entropy and solves the incompatibility problems with the second law of thermodynamics. Entropy, however, implies heat and therefore ...
Ever since Stephen Hawking suggested information is lost in an evaporating black hole once it passes through the event horizon and is inevitably destroyed at the singularity, and that this can turn pure quantum states into mixed states, some physicists have wondered if a complete theory of quantum gravity might be able to conserve information with a unitary time evolution.
Stephen Hawking never stopped trying to unravel the mysteries surrounding black holes -- in fact, he was still working to solve one of them shortly before his death. Now, his last research paper ...
Stephen Hawking may have come up with an answer to a long-running debate among scientists—the fate of information that enters a black hole. The challenge has been to reconcile the paradox ...
Scientists studying the earliest black holes may have found an answer to dark matter, putting Stephen Hawking’s theory on the subject back into the spotlight.
If Hawking's theory of black hole radiation is correct, then black holes are expected to shrink and evaporate over time as they lose mass by the emission of photons and other particles. [54] The temperature of this thermal spectrum ( Hawking temperature ) is proportional to the surface gravity of the black hole, which, for a Schwarzschild black ...