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Metaphase chromosomes make the classical picture of chromosomes . For classical cytogenetic analyses, cells are grown in short term culture and arrested in metaphase using mitotic inhibitor . Further they are used for slide preparation and banding ( staining ) of chromosomes to be visualised under microscope to study structure and number of ...
Also, in metaphase I, the crossed-over arms appear unequal. The aster shouldn't be shown as sun rays; they should have the same appearance as the spindle microtubules (but shorter). The "Homologous chromosomes" label in prophase I should probably point to each of the pairs, the way "Sister chromatids" does in anaphase I.
The metaphase chromosomes are treated with trypsin (to partially digest the chromosome) and stained with Giemsa stain. Heterochromatic regions, which tend to be rich with adenine and thymine (AT-rich) DNA and relatively gene-poor, stain more darkly in G-banding.
[1] [2] Karyotyping is the process by which a karyotype is discerned by determining the chromosome complement of an individual, including the number of chromosomes and any abnormalities. Micrographic karyogram of human male using Giemsa staining Schematic karyogram demonstrating the basic knowledge needed to read a karyotype
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G 2 phase, Gap 2 phase, or Growth 2 phase, is the third subphase of interphase in the cell cycle directly preceding mitosis. It follows the successful completion of S phase, during which the cell’s DNA is replicated. G 2 phase ends with the onset of prophase, the first phase of mitosis in which the cell’s chromatin condenses into chromosomes.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 16 February 2025. Cell division producing haploid gametes For the figure of speech, see Meiosis (figure of speech). For the process whereby cell nuclei divide to produce two copies of themselves, see Mitosis. For excessive constriction of the pupils, see Miosis. For the parasitic infestation, see Myiasis ...
The cell cycle in eukaryotes: I = Interphase, M = Mitosis, G 0 = Gap 0, G 1 = Gap 1, G 2 = Gap 2, S = Synthesis, G 3 = Gap 3. Cell division is the process by which a parent cell divides into two daughter cells. [1] Cell division usually occurs as part of a larger cell cycle in which the cell grows and replicates its chromosome(s) before dividing.