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Phoenix canariensis, the Canary Island date palm, is a species of flowering plant in the palm family Arecaceae, native to the Canary Islands off the coast of Northwestern Africa. It is a relative of Phoenix dactylifera, the true date palm. It is the natural symbol of the Canary Islands, together with the canary Serinus canaria. [2]
The Canary Islands are an archipelago in the North Atlantic Ocean, off the northwest coast of Africa.The Canary Islands are home to dozens of endemic species and subspecies of vascular plants, including the endemic genera Allagopappus, Bethencourtia, Dicheranthus, Gesnouinia, Gonospermum, Ixanthus, Parolinia, Pleiomeris, Rivasgodaya, Rutheopsis, Todaroa, and Vieraea. [1]
Phoenix is a genus of 14 species of palms, native to an area starting from the Canary Islands in the west, across northern and central Africa, to the extreme southeast of Europe , and continuing throughout southern Asia, from Anatolia east to southern China and Malaysia. [3]
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Phoenix: date palms; Phoenix canariensis: Canary Island palm Arecaceae (palm family) Phoenix dactylifera: date palm Arecaceae (palm family) Phoenix reclinata: Senegal date palm Arecaceae (palm family) Phoenix roebelenii: pygmy date palm Arecaceae (palm family) Phoenix rupicola: cliff date palm Arecaceae (palm family) Phytelephas: ivory palms
Flowers are axillary, solitary, bell-shaped, 3–6 cm long, orange (darkening when dried). It has a thick tuberous root, from which hollow, scrambling stems about 3 m are produced each year. The fruit is a large ovate, fleshy berry, orange when ripe, and edible. [1] The species is bird pollinated by passerine species such as the chiffchaff. [2]
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Lowlands are principally scrub and open woodland, which extend from sea level to 600–1000 meters elevation. The Canary Island date palm (Phoenix canariensis) is prominent. Laurel forests, or laurisilva, are found at middle elevations, from 500 and 1400 meters elevation.