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The Permian Basin comprises several component basins, including the Midland Basin, which is the largest; Delaware Basin, the second largest; and Marfa Basin, the smallest. The Permian Basin covers more than 86,000 square miles (220,000 km 2), [1] and extends across an area approximately 250 miles (400 km) wide and 300 miles (480 km) long. [2]
In the Permian geologic period, North-Central Texas was a part of the western coastal zone of equatorial Pangea, a super-continental land mass. [1] Nearby uplifts and mountainous regions, such as the Muenster Arch and Red River Uplift, the Wichita, Arbuckle, and Ouachita mountains developed by the end of the Pennsylvanian, [2] providing elevated topography to the north and east during the Permian.
Shaded relief map of the Llano Estacado. Texas contains a wide variety of geologic settings. The state's stratigraphy has been largely influenced by marine transgressive-regressive cycles during the Phanerozoic, with a lesser but still significant contribution from late Cenozoic tectonic activity, as well as the remnants of a Paleozoic mountain range.
Map of the basins, reefs and platforms that make up the Permian Basin in West Texas. The Val Verde Basin is a marginal foreland basin located in West Texas, just southeast of the Midland Basin. The Val Verde is a sub-basin of the larger Permian Basin and is roughly 24–40 km wide by 240 km long. [1]
Richardson interpreted the Guadalupe Mountains as an east-dipping monocline with a fault on the steep western boundary, and believed El Capitan itself was a product of erosion. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Interest in the formation was rekindled by the discovery in May 1923 of the Big Lake oil field in Texas and the drilling of the first commercial oil well in ...
Big Lake is a small rural ... Benedum had established the Big Lake oil field as the first major oil field in the Permian Basin. In 1926, this field had 74 wells ...
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The Texas and Oklahoma red beds are sedimentary rocks, mostly consisting of sandstone and red mudstone. [8] The red color of the rocks is due to the presence of ferric oxide. [9] The rocks were deposited during the early Permian in a warm, moist climate, [10] with seasonal periods of dry conditions. [11]