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Native American slaves were in the households of many prominent New Mexicans, including the governor and Kit Carson. [ 90 ] [ 91 ] Black slaves, in contrast, were vanishingly rare. [ 92 ] The Compromise of 1850 allowed New Mexico to choose its own stance on slavery, and in 1859, it was formally legalized. [ 93 ]
Spanish slavery in the Americas diverged from other European powers in that it took on an early abolitionist stance towards Native American slavery. Although it did not directly partake in the trans-Atlantic slave trade , enslaved Black people were sold throughout the Spanish Empire, particularly in Caribbean territories. [ 9 ]
For their part, the Dominican friars who arrived in America denounced the conditions of slavery for Native Americans. As did bishops of other orders, they opposed the unjust and illegal treatment before the audience of the Spanish king and in the Royal Commission afterwards. [2] Slaves embarked to America from 1450 until 1866 by country
This slave trade was carried out mainly by Spanish merchants as labor for sugar plantations and for domestic service in the American lands, especially in the Caribbean area. The Spanish privateer and merchant Amaro Pargo (1678–1747) managed to transport slaves to the Caribbean, although, it is estimated, to a lesser extent than other captains ...
The Indian Wars of the early 18th century, combined with the increasing importation of African slaves, effectively ended the Native American slave trade by 1750. Colonists found that Native American slaves could easily escape, as they knew the country. The wars cost the lives of numerous colonial slave traders and disrupted their early societies.
Arriving as one of the first Spanish settlers in the Americas, Las Casas initially participated in the colonial economy built on forced Indigenous labor, but eventually felt compelled to oppose the abuses committed by European colonists against the Indigenous population. [3] In 1515 he gave up his Native American laborers and encomienda.
The enslavement of Native Americans had been declared illegal in Castile in 1501, when Isabella I declared native Americans to be both people and subjects of the Castilian crown, and so subject to the same rights and obligations as any other subject of the queen. Under those regulations, slavery was permitted almost exclusively as a penalty for ...
The Laws of Burgos (Spanish: Leyes de Burgos), promulgated on 27 December 1512 in Burgos, Crown of Castile (Spain), was the first codified set of laws governing the behavior of Spaniards in the Americas, particularly with regard to the Indigenous people of the Americas ("native Caribbean Indians").