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The psychological schools are the great classical theories of psychology. Each has been highly influential; however, most psychologists hold eclectic viewpoints that combine aspects of each school. Most influential
Phenomenology (psychology) Positive psychology; Post-cognitivist psychology; Postcognitive psychology; Postcognitivism; Postmodern psychology; Psychical school; Psychology in the medieval Islamic world
Thus, cultural-historical psychology understood as the Vygotsky-Luria project, originally intended by its creators as an integrative and, later, holistic "new psychology" of socio-biological and cultural development should not be confused with later self-proclaimed "Vygotskian" theories and fields of studies, ignorant of the historical roots ...
Many cultures throughout history have speculated on the nature of the mind, heart, soul, spirit, brain, etc. For instance, in Ancient Egypt, the Edwin Smith Papyrus contains an early description of the brain, and some speculations on its functions (described in a medical/surgical context) and the descriptions could be related to Imhotep who was the first Egyptian physician who anatomized and ...
Psychological anthropology is an interdisciplinary subfield of anthropology that studies the interaction of cultural and mental processes.This subfield tends to focus on ways in which humans' development and enculturation within a particular cultural group—with its own history, language, practices, and conceptual categories—shape processes of human cognition, emotion, perception ...
Cultural psychology is often confused with cross-cultural psychology.Even though both fields influence each other, cultural psychology is distinct from cross-cultural psychology in that cross-cultural psychologists generally use culture as a means of testing the universality of psychological processes rather than determining how local cultural practices shape psychological processes. [12]
Rembrandt's painting of the sacrifice of Isaac (Gen.22).Psychohistory holds that ritual child sacrifice once occurred in most cultures. Psychohistorians claim to derive many of its concepts from areas that are perceived to be ignored by conventional historians and anthropologists as shaping factors of human history, in particular, the effects of parenting practice and child abuse. [2]
Psychology at Harvard was originally very closely tied to the philosophy department. Philosopher William James introduced concepts of psychology as a new meaning of developing a system to understand education. From 1874 to 1875, James began teaching psychology and formed the first psychology laboratory in America.