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Resistance thermometers, also called resistance temperature detectors (RTDs), are sensors used to measure temperature. Many RTD elements consist of a length of fine wire wrapped around a heat-resistant ceramic or glass core but other constructions are also used. The RTD wire is a pure material, typically platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni), or copper ...
The Callendar–Van Dusen equation is an equation that describes the relationship between resistance (R) and temperature (T) of platinum resistance thermometers (RTD). As commonly used for commercial applications of RTD thermometers, the relationship between resistance and temperature is given by the following equations.
is the temperature (in kelvins), R {\displaystyle R} is the resistance at T {\displaystyle T} (in ohms), A {\displaystyle A} , B {\displaystyle B} , and C {\displaystyle C} are the Steinhart–Hart coefficients , which are characteristics specific to the bulk semiconductor material over a given temperature range of interest.
Quantity (common name/s) (Common) symbol/s Defining equation SI unit Dimension Temperature gradient: No standard symbol K⋅m −1: ΘL −1: Thermal conduction rate, thermal current, thermal/heat flux, thermal power transfer
Aerospace: In spacecraft and aircraft, thermal resistance and conductance are critical for managing temperature variations in extreme environments. Designing spacecraft and aviation systems require considerations of thermal conductance and resistance to manage temperature extremes.
Also called chordal or DC resistance This corresponds to the usual definition of resistance; the voltage divided by the current R s t a t i c = V I. {\displaystyle R_{\mathrm {static} }={V \over I}.} It is the slope of the line (chord) from the origin through the point on the curve. Static resistance determines the power dissipation in an electrical component. Points on the current–voltage ...
The effective temperature coefficient varies with temperature and purity level of the material. The 20 °C value is only an approximation when used at other temperatures. For example, the coefficient becomes lower at higher temperatures for copper, and the value 0.00427 is commonly specified at 0 °C. [53]
A cesium atom with a velocity of 7 mm/s is equivalent to a temperature of about 700 nK (which was a record cold temperature achieved by the NIST in 1994). Estimates of the differences between thermodynamic temperature and the ITS-90 (T − T 90) were published in 2010. It had become apparent that ITS-90 deviated considerably from PLTS-2000 in ...
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