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The jade trade in Myanmar consists of the mining, distribution, and manufacture of jadeite—a variety of jade—in the nation of Myanmar (Burma). The jadeite deposits found in Myanmar's northern regions are the source of the highest quality jadeite in the world, noted by sources in China going as far back as the 10th century.
Six people were killed in the April 2019 Hpakant jade mine collapse. More than 162 people were killed in a landslide in the 2 July 2020 Hpakant jade mine disaster. [12] In 2021, landslide at a jade mine killed 20 and swept up to 100 people into a lake. [13] On 13 August 2023 a landslide killed 32 people in the 2023 Hpakant jade mine disaster. [14]
Main jade producing countries. Jade is an umbrella term for two different types of decorative rocks used for jewelry or ornaments.Jade is often referred to by either of two different silicate mineral names: nephrite (a silicate of calcium and magnesium in the amphibole group of minerals), or jadeite (a silicate of sodium and aluminum in the pyroxene group of minerals). [1]
Jade City is a settlement in northwestern British Columbia, Canada, near the Yukon, located on Highway 37, west of Good Hope Lake and close to Cassiar, in the Cassiar Highlands. The region around Jade City is rich with serpentinite (a jade precursor), [ 1 ] greenstone (jade look-a-likes), [ 2 ] and Nephrite jade .
The largest jade stone in the world, 3000 tons, 21 metres long, 4.8 metres wide and 10.5 metres high was found in Hpakant in 2000. [15] The Myanmar government pays little attention to the deterioration of environment in Kachin because of jade mining. There has been erosion, flooding and mudslides. Several houses are destroyed every year. [16]
Looking down a rubble slope at a jade mine in Kachin State. Myanmar is the largest supplier of jade, [1] providing between 70% [2] and 90% [3] of the world's supply. While Myanmar's official statistics for 2016–2017 put the jade trade value at US$750 million, [4] independent estimates that include illegal mining put it at US$15–31 billion per year.
Jadeite is the principal mineral making up the most valuable form of jade, a precious stone particularly prized in China. Most gem-quality jadeite jade comes from northern Myanmar. Jade tools and implements have been found at Stone Age sites, showing that the mineral has been prized by humans since before the beginning of written history.
The 1960s and 1970s were the heyday of Taiwan Jade mining and processing. Annual average extraction exceeded 1,500 metric tons, with over 800 processing factories throughout Taiwan and more than 50,000 people employed in the jade industry. Taiwan's production accounted for approximately 80% of the global jade output during that time.