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The classification of the cervical lymph nodes is generally attributed to Henri Rouvière in his 1932 publication "Anatomie des Lymphatiques de l'Homme" [6] [7] Rouviere described the cervical lymph nodes as a collar which surrounded the upper aerodigestive tract, consisting of submental, facial, submandibular, parotid, mastoid, occipital and retropharyngeal nodes, together with two chains ...
In peripheral organs, lymphatic vessels are responsible for conducting lymph between different parts of the body. In general, lymphatic drainage is important for maintaining fluid homeostasis as well as providing a means for immune cells to traffic into draining lymph nodes from other parts of the body, allowing for immune surveillance of bodily tissues.
The occipital lymph nodes, one to three in number, are located on the back of the head close to the margin of the trapezius and resting on the insertion of the semispinalis capitis. Their afferent vessels drain the occipital region of the scalp , while their efferents pass to the superior deep cervical glands .
Lymph nodes of the lungs: The lymph is drained from the lung tissue through subsegmental, segmental, lobar and interlobar lymph nodes to the hilar lymph nodes, which are located around the hilum (the pedicle, which attaches the lung to the mediastinal structures, containing the pulmonary artery, the pulmonary veins, the main bronchus for each side, some vegetative nerves and the lymphatics) of ...
Rarely, depending on location, lymph node enlargement may cause problems such as difficulty breathing, or compression of a blood vessel (for example, superior vena cava obstruction [29]). Enlarged lymph nodes might be felt as part of a medical examination, or found on medical imaging. [30]
Spinal accessory nerve (Cranial Nerve XI) Branches of cervical plexus; Roots and trunks of brachial plexus; Phrenic nerve (C3,4,5) B) Vessels: Subclavian artery (Third part) Transverse cervical artery; Suprascapular artery; Terminal part of external jugular vein; C) Lymph nodes: Occipital; Supraclavicular; D) Muscles: Inferior belly of omohyoid ...
The mastoid lymph nodes (retroauricular lymph nodes or posterior auricular glands) are a small group of lymph nodes, usually two in number, located just beneath the ear, on the mastoid insertion of the sternocleidomastoideus muscle, beneath the posterior auricular muscle.
Submandibular lymph nodes; Submental lymph nodes; Superficial anterior cervical lymph nodes; Superficial cervical lymph nodes; Superficial lateral cervical lymph nodes; Superficial parotid lymph nodes; Superior deep cervical lymph nodes; Supraclavicular lymph nodes