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Beringia sea levels (blues) and land elevations (browns) measured in metres from 21,000 years ago to present. Beringia is defined today as the land and maritime area bounded on the west by the Lena River in Russia; on the east by the Mackenzie River in Canada; on the north by 72° north latitude in the Chukchi Sea; and on the south by the tip of the Kamchatka Peninsula. [1]
Figure 2. Schematic illustration of maternal (mtDNA) gene-flow in and out of Beringia (long chronology, single source model). The Ancient Beringian (AB) is a human archaeogenetic lineage, based on the genome of an infant found at the Upward Sun River site (dubbed USR1), dated to 11,500 years ago. [1]
Studies between 2004 and 2009 suggest the possibility that the earliest human migrations to the Americas may have been made by boat from Beringia and travel down the Pacific coast, contemporary with and possibly predating land migrations over the Beringia land bridge, [2] which during the glacial period joined what today are Siberia and Alaska ...
The term Beringia was first coined by the Swedish botanist Eric Hultén in 1937. During Beringia's long history some animals migrated Easterly ( mastodons , gomphotheres , mammoths , various members of the deer family , bison , sheep and muskoxen ) others Westerly ( equines , camels ), and yet others reveal many episodes of dispersal (such as ...
The Bering Land Bridge (aka Beringia), which intermittently connected Alaska (Northern America) with Siberia as sea levels rose and fell under the effect of ice ages; Land bridges of Japan, several land bridges which connected Japan to Russia and Korea at various times in history
The second and more important advantage geography gave to the northerners is related to the land area in which their ancestors evolved. During the Cenozoic, North America was periodically connected to Eurasia via Beringia, allowing repeated migrations back and forth to unite the faunas of the two continents.
The term Paleo-Indians applies specifically to the lithic period in the Western Hemisphere and is distinct from the term Paleolithic. [note 1] Traditional theories suggest that big-animal hunters crossed the Bering Strait from North Asia into the Americas over a land bridge . This bridge existed from 45,000 to 12,000 BCE (47,000–14,000 BP). [1]
The coastal migration hypothesis is one of two leading hypothesis about the settlement of the Americas at the time of the Last Glacial Maximum.It proposes one or more migration routes involving watercraft, via the Kurile island chain, along the coast of Beringia and the archipelagos off the Alaskan-British Columbian coast, continuing down the coast to Central and South America.