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Environmental Protection Agency illustration of the water cycle of hydraulic fracturing. Fracking in the United States began in 1949. [1] According to the Department of Energy (DOE), by 2013 at least two million oil and gas wells in the US had been hydraulically fractured, and that of new wells being drilled, up to 95% are hydraulically fractured.
Environmental impact of fracking in the United States has been an issue of public concern, and includes the contamination of ground and surface water, methane emissions, [1] air pollution, migration of gases and fracking chemicals and radionuclides to the surface, the potential mishandling of solid waste, drill cuttings, increased seismicity and associated effects on human and ecosystem health.
Water and air pollution are the biggest risks to human health from fracking. [1] Research has determined that fracking negatively affects human health and drives climate change. [2] [3] [4] Fracking fluids include proppants and other substances, which include chemicals known to be toxic, as well as unknown chemicals that may be toxic. [5]
According to the Department of Energy, fracking now accounts for 95% of new wells in the U.S., generating two-thirds of the total gas market and nearly half of the nation’s crude oil production.
Increasing transparency requirements around fracking activity and the specific fluids used in the process are associated with lower pollution levels from that activity, new research shows. A ...
The boom in U.S. oil and gas production is unprecedented in modern America. As recently as October 2005, we were importing 4.56 million barrels of petroleum-based products per day , while ...
The June 2015 draft report of an ongoing EPA study on fracking effects on drinking water listed a number of mechanisms by which fracking can degrade drinking water. The draft report noted among its major findings: We did not find evidence that these mechanisms have led to widespread, systemic impacts on drinking water resources in the United ...
Averaging 3 million gallons per fracking well, the oil and gas industry is at risk of running our country dry in many geographic regions. As states continue to join the trend of mandating water ...