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Catherine was born in Florence to Lorenzo de' Medici, Duke of Urbino, and Madeleine de La Tour d'Auvergne. In 1533, at the age of 14, Catherine married Henry, the second son of King Francis I and Queen Claude of France , who would become Dauphin of France upon the death of his elder brother Francis in 1536.
This made Catherine a scion of the illustrious House of Medici. Also her guardian till her marriage was Pope Clement VII , formerly Giulio De'Medici, illegitimate son of Giuliano De'Medici , brother of Lorenzo il Magnifico.
Charles Maximilien of France, [1] third son of King Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici, [2] was born on 27 June 1550 at the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye. [3] He was the fifth of ten children born to the royal couple. [4]
Henry married Catherine de' Medici, a member of the ruling family of Florence, on 28 October 1533, when they were both fourteen years old. [5] The wedding was officiated by Pope Clement VII, himself a Medici. [5] At this time, Henry's brother Francis was alive and there was little prospect of Henry coming to the throne.
During the night of 13 September 1575, Alençon fled from the French court after being alienated from his brother King Henry III as they had had some differences. [2] Both Henry III and Catherine de' Medici feared he would join the Protestant rebels. These fears proved well-founded; Francis joined the prince of Condé and his forces in the south.
Henry was born at the royal Château de Fontainebleau, the fourth son of King Henry II and Catherine de' Medici. He was a grandson of Francis I of France and Claude of France. His older brothers were Francis II of France, Charles IX of France, and Louis of Valois.
Alessandro de' Medici (22 July 1510 – 6 January 1537), nicknamed "il Moro" due to his dark complexion, Duke of Penne and the first Duke of the Florentine Republic (from 1532), was ruler of Florence from 1530 to his death in 1537. [2]
Francis II died childless, so his younger brother Charles, then ten years old, succeeded him. On 21 December, the council named Catherine de' Medici, Regent of France. The Guises left the court, while Mary Stuart, Francis II's widow, returned to Scotland. Louis, Prince of Condé, who was jailed and awaiting execution, was freed after some ...