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Luna 2 would be the Soviet Union's sixth attempt to impact the Moon. [15] It was the second of the Ye-1a series, modified to carry a heavier payload of 156 kilograms (344 lb) [16] and had a combined mass of 390.2 kilograms (860 lb). [17] Luna 2 was similar in design to Luna 1, [18] a spherical space probe with protruding antennas and ...
The estimated cost of the Luna programme in 1964 was US$6–10 billion [3] (equivalent to US$45–75 billion in 2023 [4]). The Luna 25 mission also continues the Luna designation, although it is considered to be a part of the Luna-Glob exploration programme. [5] The same applies to other planned missions such as Luna 26, Luna 27 and Luna 28.
Luna 23 was the first modified lunar sample return spacecraft, designed to return a deep core sample of the Moon's surface (hence the change in index from Ye-8-5 to Ye-8-5M). While Luna 16 and Luna 20 had returned samples from a depth of 0.3 meters, the new spacecraft was designed to dig to 2.5 meters.
Luna: OKB-1: Impactor: Launch failure Failed to orbit; guidance system malfunction. [10] 11: Luna 2 (E-1A No.2) Luna 2: 12 September 1959: Luna: OKB-1: Impactor: Success Successful impact at 21:02 on 14 September 1959. First spacecraft to impact the lunar surface. [13] This made the Soviet Union the 1st country to impact the surface of the Moon ...
Luna 3, or E-2A No.1 (Russian: Луна 3), was a Soviet spacecraft launched in 1959 as part of the Luna programme. It was the first mission to photograph the far side of the Moon and the third Soviet space probe to be sent to the neighborhood of the Moon . [ 5 ]
Surveyor 3 on the Moon. The first image returned by Luna 3 showed the far side of the Moon. This is a list of robotic space probes that have flown by, impacted, orbited or landed on the Moon for the purpose of lunar exploration, as well as probes launched toward the Moon that failed to reach their target.
The Artemis program is a Moon exploration program led by the United States' National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), formally established in 2017 via Space Policy Directive 1.
On January 12, 1973, Luna 21 was braked into a 90 by 100 km (56 by 62 miles) lunar orbit. The Luna 21 spacecraft landed on the Moon to deploy the second Soviet lunar rover, Lunokhod 2. The primary objectives of the mission were to collect images of the lunar surface, examine ambient light levels to determine the feasibility of astronomical ...