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2. Low-flow fixtures - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-flow_fixtures

   Kitchen and bathroom faucets were limited to a flow rate of 2.2 gpm (gallons per minute) at 60 psi, and residential shower heads were limited to a flowrate of 2.5 gpm at 80 psi. [ 3 ] In response to an increasing number of water shortages and increased water utility rates there has been recent legislation by many states leading the way in water ...

3. Residential water use in the U.S. and Canada - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Residential_water_use_in...

   Water flowing through opened faucets (including kitchen, bathroom, utility sink faucets, and hose bibs) accounts for 19 percent (26.3 gphd, or 100 lphd) of total indoor water use in an average household where faucets are used 51 times per day. On average, faucets are opened for 30 seconds at a flow of 1 gpm (gallons per minute) and an average ...

4. Flow coefficient - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow_coefficient

   It describes the relationship between the pressure drop across an orifice valve or other assembly and the corresponding flow rate. Mathematically the flow coefficient C v (or flow-capacity rating of valve) can be expressed as =, where Q is the rate of flow (expressed in US gallons per minute), SG is the specific gravity of the fluid (for water ...

5. Air changes per hour - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_changes_per_hour

   Q = Volumetric flow rate of air in cubic feet per minute (cfm) Vol = Space volume L × W × H, in cubic feet; In metric units = where: ACPH = number of air changes per hour; higher values correspond to more ventilation; Q = Volumetric flow rate of air in liters per second (L/s)

6. Tap (valve) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tap_(valve)

   Its rate is independent of the viscosity or temperature of the fluid or gas in the pipe, and depends only weakly on the supply pressure, so that flow rate is stable at a given setting. At intermediate flow settings the pressure at the valve restriction drops nearly to zero from the Venturi effect ; in water taps, this causes the water to boil ...

7. Low-flush toilet - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-flush_toilet

   A low-flush toilet (or low-flow toilet or high-efficiency toilet) is a flush toilet that uses significantly less water than traditional high-flow toilets. Before the early 1990s in the United States, standard flush toilets typically required at least 3.5 gallons (13.2 litres) per flush and they used float valves that often leaked, increasing their total water use.