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In 1993, a new drug was introduced to the US market called venlafaxine, a serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor. [20] Venlafaxine was the first compound described in a new class of antidepressant substances called phenylethylamines. These substances are unrelated to TCA and other SSRIs.
To date, a great number of potent and selective and mixed norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (NRIs) have been marketed as antidepressants. [11] The first commercially available selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (sNRI) was reboxetine (Edronax) and was developed as a first-line therapy for major depressive disorder. [29]
This is a complete list of clinically approved prescription antidepressants throughout the world, as well as clinically approved prescription drugs used to augment antidepressants or mood stabilizers, by pharmacological and/or structural classification. Chemical/generic names are listed first, with brand names in parentheses.
The majority of the tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) act primarily as serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) by blocking the serotonin transporter (SERT) and the norepinephrine transporter (NET), respectively, which results in an elevation of the synaptic concentrations of these neurotransmitters, and therefore an enhancement of ...
Also, currently available antidepressants all elicit undesirable side-effects, and new agents should be divested of the distressing side-effects of both first and second-generation antidepressants. [6] Another serious drawback of all antidepressants is the requirement for long-term administration prior to maximal therapeutic efficacy.
Venlafaxine, sold under the brand name Effexor among others, is an antidepressant medication of the serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) class. [6] [9] It is used to treat major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and social anxiety disorder. [9]
This side effect has been particularly associated with serotonergic antidepressants like SSRIs and SNRIs, but may be less with atypical antidepressants like bupropion, agomelatine, and vortioxetine. [77] [79] [80] Higher doses of antidepressants seem to be more likely to produce emotional blunting than lower doses. [77]
Viloxazine acts as a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (sNRI). [6] [1] [5] The immediate-release form has an elimination half-life of 2.5 hours [6] [2] while the half-life of the extended-release form is 7 hours. [1] Viloxazine was first described by 1972 [10] and was marketed as an antidepressant in Europe in 1974.