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Advanced Placement (AP) Biology (also known as AP Bio) is an Advanced Placement biology course and exam offered by the College Board in the United States. For the 2012–2013 school year, the College Board unveiled a new curriculum with a greater focus on "scientific practices".
costal cartilages of last 3–4 ribs, body of sternum, xiphoid process ribs/costal cartilages 2–6 intercostal arteries: intercostal nerves: depresses ribs 2 1 levatores costarum, longi 1-4 Torso, Chest transverse processes of C7 to T12 vertebrae superior surfaces of ribs immediately inferior to preceding vertebrae
It is composed of around 270 bones at birth – this total decreases to around 206 bones by adulthood after some bones get fused together. [1] The bone mass in the skeleton makes up about 14% of the total body weight (ca. 10–11 kg for an average person) and reaches maximum mass between the ages of 25 and 30. [2]
The outer shell of the long bone is made of cortical bone also known as compact bone. [1] This is covered by a membrane of connective tissue called the periosteum.Beneath the cortical bone layer is a layer of spongy cancellous bone.
Human anatomy can be taught regionally or systemically; that is, respectively, studying anatomy by bodily regions such as the head and chest, or studying by specific systems, such as the nervous or respiratory systems. [4] The major anatomy textbook, Gray's Anatomy, has been reorganized from a systems format to a regional format, in line with ...
Each level in the hierarchy represents an increase in organisational complexity, with each "object" being primarily composed of the previous level's basic unit. [2] The basic principle behind the organisation is the concept of emergence —the properties and functions found at a hierarchical level are not present and irrelevant at the lower levels.
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Botany, also called plant science or phytology, is the branch of natural science and biology studying plants, especially their anatomy, taxonomy, and ecology. [1] A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field.