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Uranium dioxide or uranium(IV) oxide (UO 2), also known as urania or uranous oxide, is an oxide of uranium, and is a black, radioactive, crystalline powder that naturally occurs in the mineral uraninite. It is used in nuclear fuel rods in nuclear reactors. A mixture of uranium and plutonium dioxides is used as MOX fuel.
Uranium dioxide is the form in which uranium is most commonly used as a nuclear reactor fuel. [3] At ambient temperatures, UO 2 will gradually convert to U 3 O 8. Because of their stability, uranium oxides are generally considered the preferred chemical form for storage or disposal. [3]
Uranyl oxalate (UO 2 C 2 O 4) is a pale yellow powdered uranyl salt. It is often encountered in industrial nuclear processes at both the front and back-end of the nuclear fuel cycle.
The metal uranium forms several oxides: Uranium dioxide or uranium(IV) oxide (UO 2, the mineral uraninite or pitchblende) Diuranium pentoxide or uranium(V) oxide (U 2 O 5) Uranium trioxide or uranium(VI) oxide (UO 3) Triuranium octoxide (U 3 O 8), the most stable uranium oxide; yellowcake typically contains 70 to 90 percent triuranium octoxide)
Triuranium octoxide is (depending on conditions) the most stable compound of uranium and is the form most commonly found in nature. Uranium dioxide is the form in which uranium is most commonly used as a nuclear reactor fuel. [104] At ambient temperatures, UO 2 will gradually convert to U 3 O 8. Because of their stability, uranium oxides are ...
Uranium oxycarbide combines uranium carbide with the uranium dioxide to reduce the oxygen stoichiometry. Less oxygen may lower the internal pressure in the TRISO particles caused by the formation of carbon monoxide, due to the oxidization of the porous carbon layer in the particle. [ 10 ]
The authors report that a layer of U 3 O 7 was present on the uranium dioxide surface during this induction time. They report that 3 to 8% of the krypton-85 was released, and that much less of the ruthenium (0.5%) and caesium (2.6 x 10 −3 %) occurred during the oxidation of the uranium dioxide. [5]
The uranium to zirconium ratio in different parts of the solid differs a lot, in the brown lava a uranium-rich phase with a U:Zr ratio of 19:3 to about 19:5 is found. The uranium-poor phase in the brown lava has a U:Zr ratio of about 1:10. [37] It is possible from the examination of the Zr/U phases to determine the thermal history of the mixture.