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EPA HWFET driving cycle. The "highway" program or Highway Fuel Economy Driving Schedule (HWFET) is defined in 40 CFR 600.I. [10] It uses a warmed-up engine and makes no stops, averaging 48 mph (77 km/h) with a top speed of 60 mph (97 km/h) over a 10-mile (16 km) distance. The following are some characteristic parameters of the cycle:
The distance covered is 23.25 km (more than double the 11 kilometers of the NEDC). [5] The key differences between the old NEDC and new WLTP test are that WLTP: [4] has higher average and maximum speeds; includes a wider range of driving conditions (urban, suburban, main road, highway) simulates a longer distance; has higher average and maximum ...
Usually, transport risk is computed by reference to the distance traveled by people, while for road traffic risk, only vehicle traveled distance is usually taken into account. [ 7 ] In the United States, the unit is used as an aggregate in yearly federal publications, while its usage is more sporadic in other countries.
The NEDC is composed of two parts: ECE-15 (Urban Driving Cycle), repeated 4 times, is plotted from 0 s to 780 s; EUDC cycle is plotted from 780 s to 1180 s. The Urban Driving Cycle ECE-15 (or just UDC) was introduced first in 1970 as part of ECE vehicle regulations; the recent version is defined by ECE R83, R84 and R101.
A driving cycle is a series of data points representing the speed of a vehicle versus time.. Driving cycles are produced by different countries and organizations to assess the performance of vehicles in various ways, for example, fuel consumption, electric vehicle autonomy and polluting emissions.
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Isochrone map showing drive times around airports in northern Finland, created using GIS software (2011) An isochrone map in geography and urban planning is a map that depicts the area accessible from a point within a certain time threshold. [ 1 ]
The "chart" actually consists of a pair of charts: one, the individuals chart, displays the individual measured values; the other, the moving range chart, displays the difference from one point to the next.
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