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Hydrogen fluoride (fluorane) is an inorganic compound with chemical formula H F. It is a very poisonous, colorless gas or liquid that dissolves in water to yield hydrofluoric acid .
Hydrofluoric acid is a solution of hydrogen fluoride (HF) in water.Solutions of HF are colorless, acidic and highly corrosive.A common concentration is 49% (48-52%) but there are also stronger solutions (e.g. 70%) and pure HF has a boiling point near room temperature.
However, the name fluoride is also used in compositional IUPAC nomenclature which does not take the nature of bonding involved into account. Fluoride is also used non-systematically, to describe compounds which release fluoride upon dissolving. Hydrogen fluoride is itself an example of a non-systematic name of this nature.
Hydrogen cyanide – HCN; Hydrogen fluoride – HF; Hydrogen peroxide – H 2 O 2; Hydrogen selenide – H 2 Se; Hydrogen sulfide – H 2 S; Hydrogen telluride – H 2 Te; Hydroxylamine – NH 2 OH; Hypobromous acid – HBrO; Hypochlorous acid – HClO; Hypophosphorous acid – H 3 PO 2; Metaphosphoric acid – HPO 3; Protonated molecular ...
Hydrogen bonding amongst HF molecules gives rise to high viscosity in the liquid phase and lower than expected pressure in the gas phase. Hydrogen fluoride does not boil until 20 °C in contrast to the heavier hydrogen halides which boil between −85 °C and −35 °C (−120 °F and –30 °F).
Blue type items have an article available by clicking on the name. Name Formula Boiling pt (°C) ... Hydrogen: H 2: −252.879 −259.16 2 ... Hydrogen fluoride: HF ...
Fluoroantimonic acid is a mixture of hydrogen fluoride and antimony pentafluoride, containing various cations and anions (the simplest being H 2 F + and SbF − 6).This mixture is a superacid stronger than pure sulfuric acid, by many orders of magnitude, according to its Hammett acidity function.
Although hydrogen fluoride may appear to be an unlikely nucleophile, it is the most common source of fluoride in the synthesis of organofluorine compounds. Such reactions are often catalysed by metal fluorides such as chromium trifluoride.