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A ballpoint pen, also known as a biro [1] (British English), ball pen (Hong Kong, Indian, Indonesian, Pakistani, and Philippine English), or dot pen [2] (Nepali English and South Asian English), is a pen that dispenses ink (usually in paste form) over a metal ball at its point, i.e., over a "ball point".
László József Bíró (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈlaːsloː ˈjoːʒɛf ˈbiːroː]; né Schweiger; 29 September 1899 – 24 October 1985), Hispanicized as Ladislao José Biro, was a Hungarian-Argentine inventor who patented the first commercially successful modern ballpoint pen. The first ballpoint pen had been invented roughly 50 years ...
The BIC Cristal (stylised as BiC Cristal and also known as the Bic Biro) is an inexpensive, disposable ballpoint pen mass-produced and sold by Société Bic of Clichy, Hauts-de-Seine, France. [1] It was introduced in 1950 and is the best-selling pen in the world, with the 100 billionth sold in September 2006.
Ballpoint pen artwork created over the years have been favorably compared to art created using traditional art mediums. Low cost, availability, and portability are cited by practitioners as qualities which make this common writing tool a convenient, alternative art supply.
Marcel Bich bought the patent for the ballpoint pen [5] for US$2 million from Hungarian László Bíró who had been producing such pens since 1943 in Argentina. Using Swiss watchmaking tools, he devised a manufacturing process that produced stainless-steel balls for the tip of the pen, [4] and the Bic Cristal ballpoint pen became his first ...
Loud's patent of the ballpoint pen, 1888. Keenly interested in inventing, on October 30, 1888, Loud obtained the first patent (US #392,046) for a ballpoint pen [6] when attempting to make a writing instrument that would be able to write on leather products, which then-common fountain pens could not. Loud's pen had a small rotating steel ball ...
(Bíró's patent, and other early patents on ball-point pens often used the term "ball-point fountain pen," because at the time the ball-point pen was considered a type of fountain pen; that is, a pen that held ink in an enclosed reservoir.) [35] This period saw the launch of innovative models such as the Parker 51, the Aurora 88, the Sheaffer ...
Bich soon perfected the design of the ballpoint pen, and the Bic Cristal ballpoint pen became the company's first product in 1950. [6] [7] The Bic Cristal has sold over one hundred billion units since its launch in 1950. [8] Bich formed Société Bic in 1953, [4] and the company was listed on the Paris Stock Exchange in 1972. [9]
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