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Accounts receivable represents money owed by entities to the firm on the sale of products or services on credit. In most business entities, accounts receivable is typically executed by generating an invoice and either mailing or electronically delivering it to the customer, who, in turn, must pay it within an established timeframe, called credit terms [citation needed] or payment terms.
A good accounts receivable turnover depends on how quickly a business recovers its dues or, in simple terms how high or low the turnover ratio is. For instance, with a 30-day payment policy, if the customers take 46 days to pay back, the Accounts Receivable Turnover is low.
Dunning is the process of methodically communicating with customers to ensure the collection of accounts receivable. Communications progress from gentle reminders to threatening letters and phone calls and more or less intimidating location visits as accounts become more overdue. Laws in each country regulate the form that dunning can take.
The average collection period (ACP) is the time taken by businesses to convert their accounts receivable (AR) to cash. Credit sales are all sales made on credit (i.e. excluding cash sales). A long debtors collection period is an indication of slow or late payments by debtors.
The Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA), Pub. L. 95-109; 91 Stat. 874, codified as 15 U.S.C. § 1692 –1692p, approved on September 20, 1977 (and as subsequently amended), is a consumer protection amendment, establishing legal protection from abusive debt collection practices, to the Consumer Credit Protection Act, as Title VIII of that Act.
Ensuring an adequate Allowance for Doubtful Accounts is kept by the company. Monitoring the Accounts Receivable portfolio for trends and warning signs. Hiring and firing credit analysts, accounts receivable and collections personnel. Enforcing the "stop list" of supply of goods and services to customers.
Cashflows insufficient. The term "Cash Conversion Cycle" refers to the timespan between a firm's disbursing and collecting cash. However, the CCC cannot be directly observed in cashflows, because these are also influenced by investment and financing activities; it must be derived from Statement of Financial Position data associated with the firm's operations.
Also excluded are the accounts receivable from bankrupt customers [8] and accounts receivable that are too old [9] – usually over 90 days past due [10] (in some cases over 120 days past due. [11]) Different proportions (or 'advance rates') of accounts receivable and of the inventory are included into borrowing base.