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Romberg's test, Romberg's sign, or the Romberg maneuver is a test used in an exam of neurological function for balance. The exam is based on the premise that a person requires at least two of the three following senses to maintain balance while standing: proprioception (the ability to know one's body position in space)
The membranous labyrinth is a collection of fluid filled tubes and chambers which contain the receptors for the senses of equilibrium and hearing. It is lodged within the bony labyrinth in the inner ear and has the same general form; it is, however, considerably smaller and is partly separated from the bony walls by a quantity of fluid, the perilymph.
A tone at the frequency of 4000 Hz is presented for 60 seconds at an intensity of 5 decibels above the patient's absolute threshold of hearing. If the patient stops hearing the tone before 60 seconds, the intensity level is increased by another 5 decibels with the procedure repeated until the tone can be heard for the full 60 seconds or until no decibel level can be found where the tone can be ...
The cochlea, dedicated to hearing; converting sound pressure patterns from the outer ear into electrochemical impulses which are passed on to the brain via the auditory nerve. The vestibular system, dedicated to balance. The inner ear is found in all vertebrates, with substantial variations in form and function.
The crista ampullaris is the sensory organ of rotation. They are found in the ampullae of each of the semicircular canals of the inner ear, meaning that there are three pairs in total.
Habituation exercises – movements designed to provoke symptoms and subsequently reduce the negative vestibular response upon repetition. Examples of these include Brandt–Daroff exercises. Functional retraining – including postural control, relaxation, and balance training. These exercises function by challenging the vestibular system.
Audiology (from Latin audīre, "to hear"; and from Greek branch of learning -λογία, -logia) is a branch of science that studies hearing, balance, and related disorders. [1] [2] Audiologists treat those with hearing loss and proactively prevent related damage. [3]
A Rinne test should always be accompanied by a Weber test to also detect sensorineural hearing loss and thus confirm the nature of hearing loss. The Rinne test was named after German otologist Heinrich Adolf Rinne (1819–1868); [ 3 ] [ 4 ] the Weber test was named after Ernst Heinrich Weber (1795–1878).