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The Negev (/ ˈ n ɛ ɡ ɛ v / NEG-ev; Hebrew: הַנֶּגֶב, romanized: hanNégev) or Negeb, Arabic: النقب, romanized: an-Naqab, is a desert and semidesert region of southern Israel. The region's largest city and administrative capital is Beersheba (pop. 214,162), in the north.
The Sinai Peninsula, or simply Sinai (/ ˈ s aɪ n aɪ / SY-ny; Arabic: سِينَاء; Egyptian Arabic: سينا; Coptic: Ⲥⲓⲛⲁ), is a peninsula in Egypt, and the only part of the country located in Asia. It is between the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Red Sea to the south, and is a land bridge between Asia and Africa.
The Incense Route – Desert Cities in the Negev site comprises the Negev, southern Israel, which connected Arabia to the Mediterranean in the Hellenistic-Roman period. During the period from 300 BC to 200 AD, four towns which prospered in the Negev Desert were Avdat, Haluza, Mamshit, and Shivta.
The Negev region, situated in the southern part of present-day Israel, has a long and varied history that spans thousands of years.Despite being predominantly a semi-desert or desert, it has historically almost continually been used as farmland, pastureland, and an economically significant transit area.
Negev Mountains is a mountainous area in the north-western part of the Negev desert, in Israel. Mount Ramon is the summit of Negev Mountains and the highest point in southern Israel, reaching 1,037 metres (3,402 ft). Most of the area belongs to Negev Mountains Nature Reserve, the largest reserve in Israel.
The Negev Bedouin (Arabic: بدْو النقب, Badwu an-Naqab; Hebrew: הבדואים בנגב , HaBedu'im BaNegev) are traditionally pastoral nomadic Arab tribes (), while some are of sub-Saharan African descent, [7] who until the later part of the 19th century would wander between Hijaz in the east and the Sinai Peninsula in the west. [8]
Griffon vultures breed in the IBA. A 25,000 ha (62,000-acre) tract of Israel's "Zin Desert" area near Sede Boqer, 50 km (30 mi) south of Be'er Sheva and some 300–600 m (1,000–2,000 ft) above sea-level, has been recognised as the Cliffs of Zin and Negev Highlands Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International.
Auja al-Hafir (Arabic: عوجة الحفير, also Auja) was an ancient road junction close to water wells in the western Negev and eastern Sinai. It was the traditional grazing land of the 'Azazme tribe. The border crossing between Egypt and Ottoman/British Palestine, about 60 km (37 mi) south of Gaza, was situated there.