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He called it "liquid sulfur" (flüssig Schwefel). [10] The composition of carbon disulfide was finally determined in 1813 by the team of the Swedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius (1779–1848) and the Swiss-British chemist Alexander Marcet (1770–1822). [11] Their analysis was consistent with an empirical formula of CS 2. [12]
A supporting electrolyte, in electrochemistry, according to an IUPAC definition, [1] is an electrolyte containing chemical species that are not electroactive (within the range of potentials used) and which has an ionic strength and conductivity much larger than those due to the electroactive species added to the electrolyte.
Also acid ionization constant or acidity constant. A quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution expressed as an equilibrium constant for a chemical dissociation reaction in the context of acid-base reactions. It is often given as its base-10 cologarithm, p K a. acid–base extraction A chemical reaction in which chemical species are separated from other acids and bases. acid ...
The ability for ions to move freely through the solvent is a characteristic of an aqueous strong electrolyte solution. The solutes in a weak electrolyte solution are present as ions, but only in a small amount. [3] Nonelectrolytes are substances that dissolve in water yet maintain their molecular integrity (do not dissociate into ions).
A chemical element, often simply called an element, is a type of atom which has a specific number of protons in its atomic nucleus (i.e., a specific atomic number, or Z). [ 1 ] The definitive visualisation of all 118 elements is the periodic table of the elements , whose history along the principles of the periodic law was one of the founding ...
The electrolyte is normally a eutectic mixture of lithium chloride and potassium chloride. More recently, other lower-melting, eutectic electrolytes based on lithium bromide , potassium bromide , and lithium chloride or lithium fluoride have also been used to provide longer operational lifetimes; they are also better conductors.
With judicious heating, gypsum converts to the partially dehydrated mineral called bassanite or plaster of Paris. This material has the formula CaSO 4 ·( n H 2 O), where 0.5 ≤ n ≤ 0.8. [ 8 ] Temperatures between 100 and 150 °C (212–302 °F) are required to drive off the water within its structure.
Consequently, caesium is found in few minerals. Percentage amounts of caesium may be found in beryl (Be 3 Al 2 (SiO 3) 6) and avogadrite ((K,Cs)BF 4), up to 15 wt% Cs 2 O in the closely related mineral pezzottaite (Cs(Be 2 Li)Al 2 Si 6 O 18), up to 8.4 wt% Cs 2 O in the rare mineral londonite ((Cs,K)Al 4 Be 4 (B,Be) 12 O 28), and less in the ...