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Helium–neon laser at the University of Chemnitz, Germany. A helium–neon laser or He–Ne laser is a type of gas laser whose high energetic gain medium consists of a mixture of helium and neon (ratio between 5:1 and 20:1) at a total pressure of approximately 1 Torr (133 Pa) inside a small electrical discharge.
Laser types with distinct laser lines are shown above the wavelength bar, while below are shown lasers that can emit in a wavelength range. The height of the lines and bars gives an indication of the maximal power/pulse energy commercially available, while the color codifies the type of laser material (see the figure description for details).
The first gas laser, the Helium–neon laser (HeNe), was co-invented by Iranian engineer and scientist Ali Javan and American physicist William R. Bennett, Jr., in 1960. It produced a coherent light beam in the infrared region of the spectrum at 1.15 micrometres. [1] A helium-neon laser is a well-known type of gas laser
Schematic diagram of a typical laser, showing the three major parts. A laser is constructed from three principal parts: An energy source (usually referred to as the pump or pump source), A gain medium or laser medium, and; Two or more mirrors that form an optical resonator.
The emission spectrum of the HeNe laser is even more monochromatic than seen here (it is typically around a mere 2 picometers in bandwidth) and the broadening of the peak in this spectrum is actually a result of the imperfect optics and scattering of light inside the spectrometer which results in some light being detected on the parts of the ...
A helium–neon laser demonstration. The glow running through the center of the tube is an electric discharge. This glowing plasma is the gain medium for the laser. The laser produces a tiny, intense spot on the screen to the right. The center of the spot appears white because the image is overexposed there. Spectrum of a helium–neon laser.
Laser diffraction analyzer. Laser diffraction analysis, also known as laser diffraction spectroscopy, is a technology that utilizes diffraction patterns of a laser beam passed through any object ranging from nanometers to millimeters in size [1] to quickly measure geometrical dimensions of a particle.
In this case the part is pressurized (sometime this test is combined with a burst test, i.e. at 40 bar) with helium while sitting in a vacuum chamber. The vacuum chamber is connected to a vacuum pumping system and a leak detector. Once the vacuum has reached the mass spectrometer operating pressure, any helium leakage will be measured.