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Commercial refrigeration. Refrigeration is any of various types of cooling of a space, substance, or system to lower and/or maintain its temperature below the ambient one (while the removed heat is ejected to a place of higher temperature). [1] [2] Refrigeration is an artificial, or human-made, cooling method. [1] [2]
Cooling capacity is the measure of a cooling system's ability to remove heat. [1] It is equivalent to the heat supplied to the evaporator/boiler part of the refrigeration cycle and may be called the "rate of refrigeration" or "refrigeration capacity".
Just as horsepower and candlepower were intuitive units of measure for people living through the transition from horse to steam power [3] and from flame-based to electric lighting, so was the ton of refrigeration an intuitive unit of measure during a technological change, as the ice trade gradually included growing percentages of artificial ice ...
A device that removes heat from a liquid via a vapor-compression or absorption refrigeration cycle. This cooled liquid flows through pipes in a building and passes through coils in air handlers, fan-coil units, or other systems, cooling and usually dehumidifying the air in the building. Chillers are of two types; air-cooled or water-cooled.
The first cooling systems for food involved ice. [6] Artificial refrigeration began in the mid-1750s, and developed in the early 1800s. [7] In 1834, the first working vapor-compression refrigeration system, using the same technology seen in air conditioners, was built. [8] The first commercial ice-making machine was invented in 1854. [9]
In refrigeration systems, subcooling the refrigerant is necessary to ensure the completion of the remaining stages of the refrigeration cycle. The subcooling stage provides certainty that the refrigerant is fully liquid before it reaches the next step on the cycle, the thermal expansion valve , where the presence of gas can be disruptive. [ 1 ]
Direct cool is one of the two major types of techniques used in domestic refrigerators, the other being the "frost-free" type.Direct-cool refrigerators produce the cooling effect by a natural convection process from cooled surfaces in the insulated compartment that is being cooled.
A cooling fan. Cooling is removal of heat, usually resulting in a lower temperature and/or phase change. Temperature lowering achieved by any other means may also be called cooling. [1] [2] The transfer of thermal energy may occur via thermal radiation, heat conduction or convection. Examples can be as simple as reducing temperature of a coffee.