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The breakup of Yugoslavia was a process in which the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was broken up into constituent republics, and over the course of which the Yugoslav wars started. The process generally began with the death of Josip Broz Tito on 4 May 1980 and formally ended when the last two remaining republics ( SR Serbia and SR ...
From 1960 to 1980, annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth averaged 6.1 percent, medical care was free, literacy was 91 percent, and life expectancy was 72 years. [10] Prior to 1991, Yugoslavia's armed forces were amongst the best-equipped in Europe. [11] Yugoslavia was a unique state, straddling both the East and West.
Yugoslavia (/ ˌ j uː ɡ oʊ ˈ s l ɑː v i ə /; lit. ' Land of the South Slavs ') [a] was a country in Southeast and Central Europe that existed from 1918 to 1992. It came into existence following World War I, [b] under the name of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes from the merger of the Kingdom of Serbia with the provisional State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, and constituted the ...
While Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republic of Macedonia interpreted the breakup of Yugoslavia as a definite replacement of the earlier Yugoslav socialist federation with new sovereign equal successor states, newly established FR Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) claimed that it is sole legal successor entitled to the assets as well as automatic memberships in ...
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia disintegrated into several states starting in the early 1990s. By 2006, six UN member states existed in its former territory. Kosovo declared independence in 2008. UNEF soldiers from the Yugoslav People's Army in Sinai, January 1957. Yugoslavia joined the UN as an original member on 24 October 1945.
The first democratic elections in 45 years are held in Yugoslavia in an attempt to bring the Yugoslav socialist model into the new, post–Cold War world. Nationalist options win majorities in almost all republics. The Croatian winning party, HDZ offers a vice-presidential position to the Serb Radical Party, which refuses.
FR Yugoslavia was renamed Serbia and Montenegro in 2003 and itself broke up in 2006, with Montenegro and Serbia retaining their observer status each. As of 2023 [update] , Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Slovenia are all member states of NATO , Bosnia and Herzegovina is a recognized candidate while Serbia asserts itself as a militarily ...
The Yugoslav Wars were a series of separate but related [9] [10] [11] ethnic conflicts, wars of independence, and insurgencies that took place from 1991 to 2001 [A 2] in what had been the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFR Yugoslavia). The conflicts both led up to and resulted from the breakup of Yugoslavia, which began in mid-1991 ...