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Refusing, reducing, reusing, recycling and composting allow to reduce waste. Waste minimisation is a set of processes and practices intended to reduce the amount of waste produced. By reducing or eliminating the generation of harmful and persistent wastes, waste minimisation supports efforts to promote a more sustainable society. [ 1 ]
It can also prevent the waste of potentially useful materials and reduce the consumption of fresh raw materials, reducing energy use, air pollution (from incineration) and water pollution (from landfilling). Recycling is a key component of modern waste reduction and is the third component of the "Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle" waste hierarchy.
Zero-waste designs strive for reduced material use, use of recycled materials, use of more benign materials, longer product lives, repair ability, and ease of disassembly at end of life. [3] Zero waste strongly supports sustainability by protecting the environment, reducing costs and producing additional jobs in the management and handling of ...
Resource recovery is using wastes as an input material to create valuable products as new outputs. The aim is to reduce the amount of waste generated, thereby reducing the need for landfill space, and optimising the values created from waste. [1] Resource recovery delays the need to use raw materials in the manufacturing process.
These industries use expensive or complex materials that are not easily broken down into constituent resources. [5] Closed-loop recycling systems may reduce landfill contributions, allowing landfill plots to last longer. For example, recycling one ton of plastic in a closed-loop system saves about 7.4 cubic yards of landfill space.
Reusable packaging - for example the use of a reusable shopping bag at the grocery store; although it uses more material than a single-use disposable bag, the material per use is less. Overpackaging - Some packaging uses more materials than is necessary for product containment and protection. Redesign can often reduce the size and materials ...
Recycling can be carried out on various raw materials. Recycling is an important part of creating more sustainable economies, reducing the cost and environmental impact of raw materials. Not all materials are easily recycled, and processing recyclable into the correct waste stream requires considerable energy.
In manufacturing industry, nesting refers to the process of laying out cutting patterns to minimize the raw material waste. [1] Examples include manufacturing parts from flat raw material such as sheet metal, glass sheets, cloth rolls, cutting parts from steel bars, etc. Such process can also be applied to additive manufacturing, such as 3D ...