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Iodine deficiency is a lack of the trace element iodine, an essential nutrient in the diet.It may result in metabolic problems such as goiter, sometimes as an endemic goiter as well as congenital iodine deficiency syndrome due to untreated congenital hypothyroidism, which results in developmental delays and other health problems.
Iodine deficiency is the most common preventable cause of neonatal and childhood brain damage worldwide. [11] Although iodine is found in many foods, it is not universally present in all soils in adequate amounts. Most iodine, in iodide form, is in the oceans, where the iodide ions are reduced to elemental iodine, which then enters the ...
Iodine deficiency is the most common cause of primary hypothyroidism and endemic goiter worldwide. [8] [9] In areas of the world with sufficient dietary iodine, hypothyroidism is most commonly caused by the autoimmune disease Hashimoto's thyroiditis (chronic autoimmune thyroiditis). [8] [9] Hashimoto's may be associated with a goiter.
Iodine is a chemical element with many uses in medicine, depending on the form. Elemental iodine and iodophors are topical antiseptics. [2] Iodine, in non-elemental form, functions as an essential nutrient in human biology (see iodine in biology). [3] Organic compounds containing iodine are also useful iodinated contrast agents in X-ray imaging ...
T 3 and T 4 are partially composed of iodine, derived from food. [2] A deficiency of iodine leads to decreased production of T 3 and T 4, enlarges the thyroid tissue and will cause the disease known as simple goitre. [3] The major form of thyroid hormone in the blood is thyroxine (T 4), whose half-life of around one week [4] is longer than that ...
Treatment Incidence and prevalence Prognosis Iodine deficiency: Hyperplasia of thyroid to compensate for decreased efficacy: Can cause hypothyroidism: Diffuse: Iodine: Constitutes over 90% cases of goitre worldwide [3] Increased size of thyroid may be permanent if untreated for around five years Congenital hypothyroidism: Inborn errors of ...
Iodine is required for thyroid hormone production, which regulates metabolism. Skip to main content. 24/7 Help. For premium support please call: 800-290-4726 more ways to reach us. Sign in ...
Similarly, folate deficiency has been linked to neural tube defects. [73] Iodine deficiency is "the most common preventable cause of mental impairment worldwide." [74] [75] "Even moderate [iodine] deficiency, especially in pregnant women and infants, lowers intelligence by 10 to 15 I.Q. points, shaving incalculable potential off a nation's ...
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