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The kinetoplast fluoresces if serum contains high avidity anti-dsDNA antibodies. This test has a higher specificity than EIA because it uses unprocessed DNA. Processed DNA can contain regions of ssDNA, allowing detection of anti-ssDNA antibodies, which can give false positive results. [1] [28]
Poly-ICR is a TLR3 agonist that, when combined with a disease-specific antigen, can induce both cytotoxic and antibody immune responses against that antigen. As yet unpublished pre-clinical data indicate that Poly-ICR, in combination with a tumor-associated antigen , increases antigen-specific CD8 T-cell levels, while both inducing regression ...
Blood compatibility testing is routinely performed before a blood transfusion.The full compatibility testing process involves ABO and RhD (Rh factor) typing; screening for antibodies against other blood group systems; and crossmatching, which involves testing the recipient's blood plasma against the donor's red blood cells as a final check for incompatibility.
Since the antibodies do not bridge between antigens, no agglutination occurs. Because no agglutination occurs, the test is interpreted as negative. In this case, the result is a false negative. The range of relatively high antibody concentrations within which no reaction occurs is called the prozone. [5]
Immunofluorescence pattern of SS-A and SS-B antibodies. Produced using serum from a patient on HEp-20-10 cells with a FITC conjugate. Anti-SSA autoantibodies (anti–Sjögren's-syndrome-related antigen A autoantibodies, also called anti-Ro, or similar names including anti-SSA/Ro, anti-Ro/SSA, anti–SS-A/Ro, and anti-Ro/SS-A) are a type of anti-nuclear autoantibodies that are associated with ...
ENA (extractable nuclear antigen) panel tests, test for autoantibodies to proteins in the cell nucleus. The term "extractable" is derived from the ability to remove the autoantibodies from the nuclei with saline and common proteins. The method of identifying these specimens is why they are also referred to as antibodies to saline-extracted ...
Anti-Di a (the antibody to Di a) can cause severe hemolytic disease of the newborn and severe transfusion reaction. Anti-Di b usually causes milder reactions. [2] The Wright blood system is another pair of types, Wright a (Wr a) and Wright b (Wr b), also differing by one amino acid on the AE1 glycoprotein and one nucleotide on the SLC4A1 gene.
The terminologies, immune-methods and immune-chemical techniques refer to a variety of immunoelectrophoresis processes whose results are identified using antibodies and immunological methodologies. [4] As a result, immunomethods' great sensitivity is a beneficial compared to the great expense of utilizing antibodies.