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Zolpidem tartrate, a common but potent sedative–hypnotic drug.Used for severe insomnia. Hypnotic (from Greek Hypnos, sleep [1]), or soporific drugs, commonly known as sleeping pills, are a class of (and umbrella term for) psychoactive drugs whose primary function is to induce sleep [2] (or surgical anesthesia [note 1]) and to treat insomnia (sleeplessness).
The drug has amnesic, anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, hypnotic, sedative, and skeletal muscle relaxant properties. [4] Chlordiazepoxide was patented in 1958 and approved for medical use in 1960. [5] It was the first benzodiazepine to be synthesized and the discovery of chlordiazepoxide was by pure chance. [6]
Because these two functions frequently overlap, and because drugs in this class generally produce dose-dependent effects (ranging from anxiolysis to loss of consciousness) they are often referred to collectively as sedative-hypnotic drugs. [4] Sedatives can be used to produce an overly calming effect (alcohol being the most common sedating drug ...
Antipsychotics are generally a first-line treatment for delirium; however, when delirium is caused by alcohol or sedative hypnotic withdrawal, benzodiazepines are a first-line treatment. [78] There is some evidence that low doses of benzodiazepines reduce adverse effects of electroconvulsive therapy. [79]
Methaqualone is a hypnotic sedative.It was sold under the brand names Quaalude (/ ˈ k w eɪ l uː d / KWAY-lood) and Sopor among others, which contained 300 mg of methaqualone, and sold as a combination drug under the brand name Mandrax, which contained 250 mg methaqualone and 25 mg diphenhydramine within the same tablet, mostly in Europe.
Chemical structure of the prototypical Z-drug zolpidem. Nonbenzodiazepines (/ ˌ n ɒ n ˌ b ɛ n z oʊ d aɪ ˈ æ z ɪ p iː n,-ˈ eɪ-/ [1] [2]), sometimes referred to colloquially as Z-drugs (as many of their names begin with the letter "z"), are a class of psychoactive, depressant, sedative, hypnotic, anxiolytic drugs that are benzodiazepine-like in uses, such as for treating insomnia [3 ...
Secobarbital, sold under the brand name Seconal among others, is a short-acting barbiturate drug originally used for the treatment of insomnia. It was patented by Eli Lilly and Company in 1934 in the United States. [3] It possesses anesthetic, anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, and hypnotic properties.
Chloral hydrate is a geminal diol with the formula Cl 3 C−CH(OH) 2.It was first used as a sedative and hypnotic in Germany in the 1870s. Over time it was replaced by safer and more effective alternatives but it remained in usage in the United States until at least the 1970s. [4]