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The oscar (Astronotus ocellatus) is a species of fish from the cichlid family known under a variety of common names, including tiger oscar, velvet cichlid, and marble cichlid. [2] In tropical South America, where the species naturally resides, A. ocellatus specimens are often found for sale as a food fish in the local markets.
The convict cichlid (Amatitlania nigrofasciata) is a fish species from the family Cichlidae, native to Central America, [3] also known as the zebra cichlid. [4] Convict cichlids are popular aquarium fish [3] and have also been the subject of numerous studies on fish behaviour. [5]
Pit spawning, also referred to as substrate breeding, is a behavior in cichlid fish in which a fish builds a pit in the sand or ground, where a pair court and consequently spawn. [67] Many different factors go into this behavior of pit spawning, including female choice of the male and pit size, as well as the male defense of the pits once they ...
Fish with low inbreeding showed almost twice the aggressive pursuit in defending territory than fish with medium inbreeding, and furthermore had a higher specific growth rate. A significant effect of inbreeding depression on juvenile survival was also found, but only in high-density competitive environments, suggesting that intra-specific ...
These fish are best kept with live or frozen feed and they easily outgrow the tank within eight to ten months. An aquarium with the minimum diameter of 6 by 3.5 feet (1.8 by 1.1 m) and 300 US gallons (1,100 L; 250 imp gal) is suggested as a bare minimum but 400–800 US gallons (1,500–3,000 L; 330–670 imp gal) is the best way to go. [ 9 ]
This is similar to other diurnal cichlids, where visual clues play an important role in the behavior, including breeding. [2] The speckled or three-barred peacock bass ( C. temensis ) in particular has caused problems due to its extensive variation, but the speckled pattern has now been shown to be present in nonbreeders and the three-barred ...
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Several studies have found that small male fish will look and behave like the female of their species in order to gain access to female territory and copulate with them. [5] [6] In the fish family Blenniidae, the female Salaria pavo will show a specific colour pattern and movement when they want to approach a male and copulate with him. The ...