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The method for calculating the size of a flitch beam to be used in construction is straightforward, using the transformed-section method. The steel plate is treated as an equally stiff piece of wood, with its width modified by the ratio of their moduli of elasticity. This allows the deflection of the entire beam to be calculated as if it were ...
A cost estimator will typically use estimating software to estimate their bid price for a project, which will ultimately become part of a resulting construction contract. Some architects, engineers, construction managers, and others may also use cost estimating software to prepare cost estimates for purposes other than bidding such as budgeting ...
The most basic element of a cost estimate and therefore the cost database is the estimate line item or work item. [3] An example is "Concrete, 4000 psi (30 MPa)," which is the description of the item. In the cost database, an item is a row or record in a table (of items) and the description is a column or field for that record.
Cost engineering is "the engineering practice devoted to the management of project cost, involving such activities as estimating, cost control, cost forecasting, investment appraisal and risk analysis". [1] "Cost Engineers budget, plan and monitor investment projects. They seek the optimum balance between cost, quality and time requirements." [2]
Catnic Components had a patent for a steel lintel, used to provide structural support over a door or window opening in a brick wall. The lintel is hollow, being made from sheet steel pressed into a rectangular or trapezoidal shape with a wind to anchor the device to the surrounding brickwork. Part of the specification required a bar to "extend ...
It is widely used in industrial engineering to calculate the capital and operating costs of a plant. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The factors were introduced by H. J. Lang and Dr Micheal Bird in Chemical Engineering magazine in 1947 as a method for estimating the total installation cost for plants and equipment.
Steel shipping containers may become the newest form of low-cost housing for senior residents in Corpus Christi. A trend in recent years that has advanced across the nation, using shipping ...
Wall framing in house construction includes the vertical and horizontal members of exterior walls and interior partitions, both of bearing walls and non-bearing walls. . These stick members, referred to as studs, wall plates and lintels (sometimes called headers), serve as a nailing base for all covering material and support the upper floor platforms, which provide the lateral strength along a