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  2. Shadoof - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadoof

    A shadoof or shaduf, [1] well pole, well sweep, sweep, [2] swape, [3] or simply a lift [4] is a tool that is used to lift water from a well or another water source onto land or into another waterway or basin. It is highly efficient, and has been known since 3000 BCE.

  3. Construction of the Egyptian pyramids - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Construction_of_the...

    Levering methods are considered to be the most tenable solution to complement ramping methods, partially due to Herodotus's description; and partially to the shadoof, a lever-enabled irrigation device first depicted in Egypt during the New Kingdom and found concomitantly with the Old Kingdom in Mesopotamia. In Lehner's point of view, levers ...

  4. Saqiyah - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saqiyah

    An animal-driven saqiya can raise water from 10 to 20 metres depth, and is thus considerably more efficient than a swape [clarification needed] or shadoof, as it is known in Arabic, which can only pump water from 3 metres.

  5. Ancient technology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_technology

    The lever was used in the shadoof water-lifting device, the first crane machine, which appeared in Mesopotamia circa 3000 BC, [9] and then in ancient Egyptian technology circa 2000 BC. [10] The earliest evidence of pulleys date back to Mesopotamia in the early 2nd millennium BC. [11]

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  7. Image credits: VastCoconut2609 Cognitively, pessimistic headlines and stories reinforce our negativity bias, which, according to Ruiz-McPherson, "can lead to maladaptive thought patterns ...

  8. History of technology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_technology

    The lever was used in the shadoof water-lifting device, the first crane machine, which appeared in Mesopotamia circa 3000 BC, [21] and then in ancient Egyptian technology circa 2000 BC. [22] The earliest evidence of pulleys date back to Mesopotamia in the early 2nd millennium BC.

  9. River - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River

    The counterweight system of the shadoof is an early example of the engineering of river water. In pre-industrial society, rivers were a source of transportation and abundant resources. [19] [26] Many civilizations depended on what resources were local to them to survive.