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Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus (/ ˈ ɡ r æ k ə s /; c. 163 – 133 BC) was a Roman politician best known for his agrarian reform law entailing the transfer of land from the Roman state and wealthy landowners to poorer citizens.
Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus was born c. 163 BC. [31] His younger brother Gaius was born c. 154 BC. [32] They were the sons of the Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus who had been consul 177 [33] and 163 BC [34] as well as censor in 169 BC. [35] [36] He had triumphed twice in 178 and 175 BC. [37]
Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus (c. 220 BC [1] – 154 BC [2]) was a Roman politician and general of the 2nd century BC. He served two consulships, one in 177 [ 3 ] and one 163 BC, [ 4 ] and was awarded two triumphs . [ 5 ]
The most famous lex agraria was that of the plebeian tribune Tiberius Gracchus, passed in 133 BC, which allotted public lands across Italy to rural plebs. [3] Such laws were not without precedent, such as the lex Flaminia of 232 BC which authorised viritane distributions of lands in Cisalpine Gaul and Picenum.
With the publication of the Römische Geschichte in the 1850s, the German historian Theodor Mommsen set the enduring and popular interpretation that optimates and populares represented aristocratic and democratic parliamentary-style political parties, with the labels emerging around the time of the Gracchi. [15]
A lex Sempronia is a Roman law proposed by a member of the gens Sempronia. The most famous of these laws are those passed by the Gracchi brothers: especially the land reform law passed by Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus in 133 BC and the grain dole later passed by Tiberius' brother Gaius Sempronius Gracchus.
In 129 BC, Scipio told allies of Gracchus, notably the tribune Gaius Papirius Carbo, that he intended to formally denounce Tiberius Gracchus' reforms, notably the agrarian proposals. [citation needed] Carbo, then a tribune of the plebs, had been a long-time supporter of Tiberius Gracchus, and at that time he was a bitter enemy of Scipio. Scipio ...
In 137 BC, 20,000 Romans surrendered to the Celtiberians of Numantia (population between 4,000 and 8,000). The young Roman officer Tiberius Gracchus, as quaestor, saved the Roman army from destruction by signing a peace treaty with the Numantines, an action generally reserved for a legate. Modern reconstruction of the Celtiberian houses in Numantia