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Multiple evanescent white dot syndrome occurs mostly in females. Symptoms include a sudden loss of central vision, but patients eventually regain normal vision. The white dots are small and located in the posterior pole at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium. The white dots may disappear after the first few weeks of the disease.
Leukocoria (also white pupillary reflex) is an abnormal white reflection from the retina of the eye. Leukocoria resembles eyeshine , but leukocoria can also occur in animals that lack eyeshine because their retina lacks a tapetum lucidum .
Keratic precipitate (KP) is an inflammatory cellular deposit seen on corneal endothelium. Acute KPs are white and round in shape whereas old KPs are faded and irregular in shape. Mutton-fat KPs are large in shape and are greasy-white in color and are formed from macrophages and epithelioid cells. They are indicative of inflammatory disease. [1]
The corneal limbus is the part of the eye where the cornea (front/center) meets the sclera (white part of the eye). Thought to be caused by increased calcium concentration in the blood, this sign however persists after calcium phosphate concentration returns to normal. [ 1 ]
Bitot's spots are the buildup of keratin located superficially in the conjunctiva of human's eyes. They can be oval, triangular or irregular in shape. The spots are a sign of vitamin A deficiency and associated with drying of the cornea. In 1863, the French physician Pierre Bitot (1822–1888) first described these spots. [1]
It is seen as a yellow-white deposit on the conjunctiva adjacent to the limbus (the junction between the cornea and sclera). [3] (It is to be distinguished clinically from a pterygium, which is a wedge shaped area of fibrosis that may grow onto the cornea.) A pinguecula usually does not cause any symptoms.
Bulbar form- It is characterised by dusky red triangular congestion of bulbar conjunctiva in palpebral area, gelatinous thickened accumulation of tissue around limbus and presence of discrete whitish raised dots along the limbus (Tranta's spots). Mixed form- Shows the features of both palpebral and bulbar types.
Cotton wool spots are typically a sign of another disease state, most common of which is diabetic retinopathy. [2] The irregularly shaped white patches are a result of ischemia, or reduced blood flow and oxygen, in the retinal nerve fiber layer, which is located in the distribution of the capillaries of the superficial layer of the retina. [2]