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A CPU cache is a hardware cache used by the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer to reduce the average cost (time or energy) to access data from the main memory. [1] A cache is a smaller, faster memory, located closer to a processor core, which stores copies of the data from frequently used main memory locations.
Diagram of a CPU memory cache operation. In computing, a cache (/ k æ ʃ / ⓘ KASH) [1] is a hardware or software component that stores data so that future requests for that data can be served faster; the data stored in a cache might be the result of an earlier computation or a copy of data stored elsewhere.
Cache hierarchy, or multi-level cache, is a memory architecture that uses a hierarchy of memory stores based on varying access speeds to cache data. Highly requested data is cached in high-speed access memory stores, allowing swifter access by central processing unit (CPU) cores.
Cache placement policies are policies that determine where a particular memory block can be placed when it goes into a CPU cache.A block of memory cannot necessarily be placed at an arbitrary location in the cache; it may be restricted to a particular cache line or a set of cache lines [1] by the cache's placement policy.
The RRIP backend makes the eviction decisions. The sampled cache and OPT generator set the initial RRPV value of the inserted cache lines. Hawkeye won the CRC2 cache championship in 2017, [24] and Harmony [25] is an extension of Hawkeye which improves prefetching performance. Block diagram of the Mockingjay cache replacement policy
Different caches that share a memory block are arranged in the form of a binary tree. The cache that accesses a memory block first is the root node. Each memory block has the root node information (HEAD) and Sharing counter field (SC). The SC field has the number of caches that share the block. Each cache entry has pointers to the next sharing ...
The memory cell is the fundamental building block of computer memory. The memory cell is an electronic circuit that stores one bit of binary information and it must be set to store a logic 1 (high voltage level) and reset to store a logic 0 (low voltage level). Its value is maintained/stored until it is changed by the set/reset process.
The exclusive (E) state in MESI protocol implies that the cache block is valid, clean (same value as in the main memory) and cached only in one cache whereas the owned (O) state in MOSI protocol implies that the cache block is valid, potentially dirty, writable and could be present in more than one cache (all caches have the same value).