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One acre equals 1 ⁄ 640 (0.0015625) square mile, 4,840 square yards, 43,560 square feet, [2] or about 4,047 square metres (0.4047 hectares) (see below).While all modern variants of the acre contain 4,840 square yards, there are alternative definitions of a yard, so the exact size of an acre depends upon the particular yard on which it is based.
The Composition of Yards and Perches (Latin: Compositio Ulnarum et Perticarum) or the Statute of Ells and Perches was a medieval English statute defining the length of the barleycorn, inch, foot, yard, and perch, as well as the area of the acre. Its date has been estimated at 1266–1303. [1]
(Furlongs remained the same, but the rod changed from 15 old feet to 16 1 ⁄ 2 new feet. [10]) In 1324 Edward II systematized units of length by defining the inch as 3 barleycorns, the foot as 12 inches, the yard as 3 feet, the perch as 5 1 ⁄ 2 yards, and the acre as an area 4 by 40 perches. [2]
In French North America, it was also equal to 25 square perches, but the royal perch of 18 feet was used, yielding a vergée of 8100 square feet (854.7 m 2) In Guernsey, a vergée (Guernésiais: vergie) is 17,640 square feet (1,639 m 2). It is 40 (square) Guernsey perches. A Guernsey perch (also spelt perque) is 21 feet by 21 feet. [1] [2]
The rod, perch, or pole (sometimes also lug) is a surveyor's tool [1] and unit of length of various historical definitions. In British imperial and US customary units, it is defined as 16 + 1 ⁄ 2 feet, equal to exactly 1 ⁄ 320 of a mile, or 5 + 1 ⁄ 2 yards (a quarter of a surveyor's chain), and is exactly 5.0292 meters.
The vergée was also a quarter of a Normandy acre, and was equal to 40 square perches (1 Normandy acre = 160 square perches). The rood was an important measure in surveying on account of its easy conversion to acres. When referring to areas, rod is often found in old documents and has exactly the same meaning as rood. [3]
The vara can be seen in many deeds as late as the mid to late 1900s. 1 acre (0.405 ha) is equivalent to 5,645.376 Texan square varas. A league is equivalent to 5,000 varas squared or 4,428.4 acres (1,792.11 ha). Standardisation of measurement in Texas came with the introduction of varas, cordeles, and leagues.
The only thing that changed was the number of feet and yards in a rod or a furlong, and the number of square feet and square yards in an acre. The definition of the rod went from 15 old feet to 16 + 1 ⁄ 2 new feet, or from 5 old yards to 5 + 1 ⁄ 2 new yards. The furlong went from 600 old feet to 660 new feet, or from 200 old yards to 220 ...