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The name Western Ghats derives from the word ghat and the cardinal direction in which it is located with respect to the Indian mainland. Ghat, a term used in the Indian subcontinent, depending on the context, could either refer to a range of stepped hills such as the Eastern Ghats and Western Ghats, or a series of steps leading down to a body of water or wharf.
The Western Ghats at Matheran in Maharashtra Oblique satellite view of the Deccan Traps Map of the Deccan Traps [1] The Deccan Traps are a large igneous province of west-central India (17–24°N, 73–74°E). They are one of the largest volcanic features on Earth, taking the form of a large shield volcano. [2]
This range is geographically part of the Sahyadris or the Western Ghats which forms a crest along the western edge. [2] of the Deccan plateau separating it from the coastal Konkan belt. Throughout its extent it bears some renowned peaks, hill stations and valleys. Parts of the western ghats has been designated as the Hottest Biodiversity Hotspots.
As the Western Ghats blocks the rain bearing winds, the plateau region is drier than the coastal region and has a semi-arid climate. The Deccan plateau region was ruled by several kingdoms in the Indian history such as Pallavas, Cholas, Pandyas, Satavahanas, Chalukyas, Rashtrakutas, Hoysalas, Kadambas, Kakatiyas, and Western Gangas.
The Western Ghats extend from the southern portion of the valley of the River Tāpi along the Malabar Coast to Cape Comorin. The range is divided by Pālghāt Gap (40 km/25 mi wide); the section north of the division is 1,300 km (810 mi) long and that to the south of the gap is 320 km (200 mi). In many sections, the range is separated only by a ...
The Western Ghats monsoon forests occur both on the western (ghats) margins of the coastal and on the eastern side where there is less rainfall. These forests contain several tree species of great commercial significance (e.g. Indian rosewood ( Dalbergia latifolia ) , Malabar Kino ( Pterocarpus marsupium ) , teak ( Tectona grandis ) and Indian ...
Anamudi, on the right, is the highest peak of the Western Ghats at 2,695 m (8,842 ft) Nilgiris, a part of Western Ghats at Masinangudi, Tamil Nadu Nilambur Mukurthi Peak Indian top cool peak Kerala, Nilagiri Tamil Nadu Vagamon Hills with shola vegetation Kodachadri Hills Chembra Peak covered with mist Banasura Hill with cloud covered Illikkal Kallu Malleswaran in a distant vision Varayadumotta ...
The South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests are found at intermediate elevations. The southern Western Ghats have high altitude rain forests called the South Western Ghats montane rain forests. The Western Ghats are a biodiversity hotspot. [10] Scrub lands, including the Deccan thorn scrub forests, are common in the interior Deccan plateau ...