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A chordate (/ ˈ k ɔːr d eɪ t / KOR-dayt) is a deuterostomal bilaterian animal belonging to the phylum Chordata (/ k ɔːr ˈ d eɪ t ə / kor-DAY-tə).All chordates possess, at some point during their larval or adult stages, five distinctive physical characteristics (synapomorphies) that distinguish them from other taxa.
This article contains a list of all of the classes and orders that are located in the Phylum Chordata. The subphyla Tunicata and Vertebrata are in the unranked Olfactores clade, while the subphylum Cephalochordata is not. Animals in Olfactores are characterized as having a more advanced olfactory system than animals not in it.
The Maotianshan Shales have yielded other Cambrian chordates and chordate-related animals including Cathaymyrus species (C. diadexus and C. haikoensis), Haikouella species (H. lanceolata and H. jianshanensis, but possibly a type, synonym, of Yunnanozoon [20]), Myllokunmingia fengjiaoa, Shankouclava anningense, Zhongjianichthys rostratus ...
Depending on the exact species involved, the maximum length of lancelets is typically 2.5 to 8 cm (1.0–3.1 in). [47] [48] Branchiostoma belcheri and B. lanceolatum are among the largest. [47] Except for the size, the species are very similar in general appearance, differing mainly in the number of myotomes and the pigmentation of their larvae ...
Vertebrates belong to the chordates, a phylum characterised by five synapomorphies (unique characteristics), namely a notochord, a hollow nerve cord along the back, an endostyle (often as a thyroid gland), and pharyngeal gills arranged in pairs. Vertebrates share these characteristics with other chordates. [4]
Netrin is important in patterning of the neural system in chordates, as well as is the molecule Shh, but S. kowalevskii was only found to have one hh gene and it appears to be expressed in a region that is uncommon to where it is usually expressed in developing chordates along the ventral midline.
A craniate is a member of the Craniata (sometimes called the Craniota), a proposed clade of chordate animals with a skull of hard bone or cartilage.Living representatives are the Myxini (hagfishes), Hyperoartia (including lampreys), and the much more numerous Gnathostomata (jawed vertebrates).
[4]) Whether the Xenacoelomorpha clade is the sister group to the Ambulacraria remains a contentious issue, with some authors arguing that the former should be placed more basally among metazoans , [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 1 ] and other authors asserting that the best choices of phylogenetic methods support the position of Xenacoelomorpha as the sister ...