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Text file with portion of The Human Side of Animals by Royal Dixon, displayed by the command cat in an xterm window. In computing, plain text is a loose term for data (e.g. file contents) that represent only characters of readable material but not its graphical representation nor other objects (floating-point numbers, images, etc.).
Plaintext is used as input to an encryption algorithm; the output is usually termed ciphertext, particularly when the algorithm is a cipher.
One of the most famous military encryption developments was the Caesar cipher, in which a plaintext letter is shifted a fixed number of positions along the alphabet to get the encoded letter. A message encoded with this type of encryption could be decoded with a fixed number on the Caesar cipher.
Until modern times, cryptography referred almost exclusively to "encryption", which is the process of converting ordinary information (called plaintext) into an unintelligible form (called ciphertext). [13] Decryption is the reverse, in other words, moving from the unintelligible ciphertext back to plaintext.
Mathematically, a cryptosystem or encryption scheme can be defined as a tuple (,,,,) with the following properties.. is a set called the "plaintext space". Its elements are called plaintexts.; is a set called the "ciphertext space". Its elements are called ciphertexts.; is a set called the "key space". Its elements are called keys.; = {:} is a set of functions :. Its elements are called ...
Adaptive chosen-plaintext: like a chosen-plaintext attack, except the attacker can choose subsequent plaintexts based on information learned from previous encryptions, similarly to the Adaptive chosen ciphertext attack. Related-key attack: Like a chosen-plaintext attack, except the attacker can obtain ciphertexts encrypted under two different ...
Ciphertext indistinguishability is a property of many encryption schemes. Intuitively, if a cryptosystem possesses the property of indistinguishability, then an adversary will be unable to distinguish pairs of ciphertexts based on the message they encrypt.
ISBN represented as EAN-13 bar code showing both human-readable and machine-readable data. In computing, a human-readable medium or human-readable format is any encoding of data or information that can be naturally read by humans, resulting in human-readable data.