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An upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is an illness caused by an acute infection, which involves the upper respiratory tract, including the nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx or trachea. [ 3 ][ 4 ] This commonly includes nasal obstruction, sore throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, and the common cold. [ 5 ...
Pharyngitis is a type of upper respiratory tract infection. [7] Most cases are caused by a viral infection. [2] Strep throat, a bacterial infection, is the cause in about 25% of children and 10% of adults. [2] Uncommon causes include other bacteria such as gonococcus, fungi, irritants such as smoke, allergies, and gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are infectious diseases involving the lower or upper respiratory tract. [ 1 ] An infection of this type usually is further classified as an upper respiratory tract infection (URI or URTI) or a lower respiratory tract infection (LRI or LRTI). Lower respiratory infections, such as pneumonia, tend to be far more ...
2–3 per year (adults) 6–8 per year (children) [13] The common cold or the cold is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the respiratory mucosa of the nose, throat, sinuses, and larynx. [6][8] Signs and symptoms may appear in as little as two days after exposure to the virus. [6]
Pneumonia frequently starts as an upper respiratory tract infection that moves into the lower respiratory tract. [54] It is a type of pneumonitis (lung inflammation). [55] The normal flora of the upper airway give protection by competing with pathogens for nutrients.
One of the most common causes is Staphylococcus aureus and often follows a recent viral upper respiratory infection. Bacterial tracheitis is a rare complication of influenza infection. [ 4 ] It is the most serious in young children, possibly because of the relatively small size of the trachea that gets easily blocked by swelling.
Respiratory disease. Micrograph of an emphysematous lung; emphysema is a respiratory disease, strongly associated with smoking. H&E stain. Respiratory diseases, or lung diseases, [ 1 ] are pathological conditions affecting the organs and tissues that make gas exchange difficult in air-breathing animals.
Epiglottitis is the inflammation of the epiglottis —the flap at the base of the tongue that prevents food entering the trachea (windpipe). [ 7 ] Symptoms are usually rapid in onset and include trouble swallowing which can result in drooling, changes to the voice, fever, and an increased breathing rate. [ 1 ][ 2 ] As the epiglottis is in the ...
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