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Pain is a universal human experience, one that is protective at its core: Acute pain warns us of harm and prevents us from damaging our bodies, or limits that damage. We experience pain as unpleasant, and it generally signals us to move away from a dangerous situation or stimuli.
Pain is likely the most common symptomatic complaint in medicine; an understanding of its pathophysiology is critical to interpreting it in patients.[1][2]
Pain, complex experience consisting of a physiological and a psychological response to a noxious stimulus. Acute pain is a warning mechanism that protects an organism by influencing it to withdraw from harmful stimuli. Chronic pain is long-lasting and may be affected by factors such as depression.
Pain has been considered as a concept of sensation that we feel as a reaction to the stimulus of our surrounding, putting us in harm’s way and acting as a form of defense mechanism that our body has permanently installed into its system.
Pain - Nociception, Sensory, Perception: In spite of its subjective nature, most pain is associated with tissue damage and has a physiological basis. Not all tissues, however, are sensitive to the same type of injury.
In this chapter we review the anatomy and physiology of pain pathways. We also discuss some of the physiological processes that modify the pain experience and that may contribute to the development of chronicity. For obvious reasons, most of this information comes from animal experiments.
Pathophysiology of Pain Acute pain , which usually occurs in response to tissue injury, results from activation of peripheral pain receptors and their specific A delta and C sensory nerve fibers (nociceptors).
Pain physiology: the neural networks activated by painful stimuli and responsible for reaction to pain. It is composed of (1) peripheral sensory neurons that sense the stimuli ( nociceptors ); (2) pathways that transmit the stimuli from peripheral to central nervous system ( pain transmission pathways ); (3) sets of neurons that elicit ...
Pain as experienced as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience is influenced by biological, psychological and social factors – all of which have a physiologic basis. The perception of a painful sensation is founded on the complex integration of nervous system signaling at three levels: Transduction, Transmission and Perception.
This chapter reviews the physiology and mechanisms of pain, as well as the pathways in the central and peripheral nervous system that transmit nociceptive information. The chapter divides the pain anatomical pathways into the peripheral nervous system, the spinal cord with the medullary dorsal horn system, and the ascending and supraspinal system.