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The lamina propria is made up of loose connective tissue with many elastic fibers interspersed with blood vessels, veins and lymphatics. The ureter is surrounded by two muscular layers, an inner longitudinal layer of muscle, and an outer circular or spiral layer of muscle. [6] [7] The lower third of the ureter has a third muscular layer. [7]
In the ureter, the smooth muscle orientation is opposite that of the GI tract. There is an inner longitudinal and an outer circular layer. The inner layer of the muscularis externa forms a sphincter at two locations of the gastrointestinal tract: in the pylorus of the stomach, it forms the pyloric sphincter.
The human urinary system, also known as the urinary tract or renal system, consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and the urethra.The purpose of the urinary system is to eliminate waste from the body, regulate blood volume and blood pressure, control levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulate blood pH.
The internal urethral sphincter is a urethral sphincter muscle which constricts the internal urethral orifice.It is located at the junction of the urethra with the urinary bladder and is continuous with the detrusor muscle, [1] [2] but anatomically and functionally fully independent from it. [3]
The name reflects that each renal pelvis collects urine from the calyces and funnels it into the ureter like a wash basin collects water and funnels it into a drain pipe. The renal pelvis is occasionally called the pyelum (from Greek πύελος pýelos , "trough", ‘anything hollow’), and the combining form pyelo- denotes the renal pelvis ...
The detrusor muscle, also detrusor urinae muscle, muscularis propria of the urinary bladder and (less precise) muscularis propria, is smooth muscle found in the wall of the bladder.
The renal medulla (Latin: medulla renis 'marrow of the kidney') is the innermost part of the kidney. The renal medulla is split up into a number of sections, known as the renal pyramids. Blood enters into the kidney via the renal artery, which then splits up to form the segmental arteries which then branch to form interlobar arteries.
Stress urinary incontinence is a common problem related to the function of the urethral sphincter. Weak pelvic floor muscles, intrinsic sphincter damage, or damage to the surrounding nerves and tissue can make the urethral sphincter incompetent, and subsequently it will not close fully, leading to stress urinary incontinence.